Patch Craig S, Tapsell Linda C, Williams Peter G
Smart Foods Centre, University of Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia.
J Am Diet Assoc. 2005 Jan;105(1):46-52. doi: 10.1016/j.jada.2004.10.024.
To determine the effectiveness of prescribing 2 g plant sterols/stanols per day as an addition to standard practice in a dietary outpatient clinic.
A randomized parallel design of comparative 12-week interventions.
SUBJECTS/SETTING: Patients referred by a general practitioner to a dietary outpatient clinic for the management of hyperlipidemia were eligible. Twenty-five patients (15 women and 10 men) completed the study.
Counseling regarding diet for hyperlipidemia was based on the National Cholesterol Education Program guidelines. The intervention group was instructed to incorporate approximately 25 g/day of margarine, containing plant sterols/stanols, which delivered approximately 2 g plant sterols/stanols.
Changes in diet, body weight, and serum total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides were measured.
Changes in dietary and biochemical outcomes were assessed using Student's t test. For nonnormally distributed data, Wilcoxon signed rank test was used, and Mann-Whitney U tests were conducted to determine the proportion of subjects reaching defined goals. The number needed to treat index was used to report effectiveness of the intervention.
Five of 14 subjects in the intervention group compared with 0 of 11 in the control group achieved a reduction in serum cholesterol of >/=15% ( P <.05). Using the number needed to treat index, for each 2.8 patients counseled with routine prescription of plant sterols/stanols, one additional patient would obtain a reduction in cholesterol by >/=15% compared with conventional management. This was achieved without any detrimental effects on the dietary fatty acid profile.
Routine prescription of margarine containing plant sterol/stanol is an effective strategy in the management of hypercholesterolemic patients in the clinical setting.
确定在饮食门诊中，每天额外开具2克植物甾醇/甾烷醇作为标准治疗方案补充剂的有效性。
一项为期12周的比较性随机平行干预设计。
研究对象/研究地点：由全科医生转介至饮食门诊治疗高脂血症的患者符合条件。25名患者（15名女性和10名男性）完成了研究。
关于高脂血症饮食的咨询遵循美国国家胆固醇教育计划指南。干预组被指导每天食用约25克含植物甾醇/甾烷醇的人造黄油，其可提供约2克植物甾醇/甾烷醇。
测量饮食、体重以及血清总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和甘油三酯的变化。
采用学生t检验评估饮食和生化指标的变化。对于非正态分布的数据，使用Wilcoxon符号秩检验，并进行Mann-Whitney U检验以确定达到既定目标的受试者比例。采用治疗所需人数指标来报告干预措施的有效性。
干预组14名受试者中有5名血清胆固醇降低≥15%，而对照组11名受试者中无人达到此水平（P<.05）。根据治疗所需人数指标，每为2.8名患者常规开具植物甾醇/甾烷醇，与传统治疗相比，就会多一名患者的胆固醇降低≥15%。这一结果在未对饮食脂肪酸谱产生任何不利影响的情况下实现。
常规开具含植物甾醇/甾烷醇的人造黄油是临床环境中管理高胆固醇血症患者的有效策略。
