Chiapasco Matteo
Unit of Oral Surgery, Department of Medicine, Surgery, and Dentistry, San Paolo Hospital, University of Milan, Italy.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2004;19 Suppl:76-91.
Primary stability and postponement of loading of dental implants for approximately 3 to 6 months have been considered for years the "conditio sine qua non" to allow osseointegration of dental implants. However, in recent years, an increasing number of publications on immediate and early loading of dental implants in completely edentulous patients have appeared in the literature, and high survival rates were generally reported. Nevertheless, much controversy still exists over the reliability of the reported data, frequently because the publications are of insufficient methodologic quality (insufficient follow-up, inadequate sample size, absence of randomization, lack of well-defined exclusion and inclusion criteria, lack of well-defined success criteria, etc). The objective of this study was to review the literature to evaluate the reliability of early and immediate loading of implants placed in the edentulous mandible and maxilla and rehabilitated either with implant-supported overdentures or with implant-supported fixed prostheses.
多年来，人们一直认为牙种植体的初期稳定性以及将种植体加载时间推迟约3至6个月是实现牙种植体骨结合的“必要条件”。然而，近年来，文献中出现了越来越多关于全口无牙患者牙种植体即刻和早期加载的报道，并且普遍报告了较高的存活率。尽管如此，对于所报道数据的可靠性仍存在诸多争议，这通常是因为这些出版物的方法学质量不足（随访不足、样本量不足、缺乏随机化、缺乏明确的排除和纳入标准、缺乏明确的成功标准等）。本研究的目的是回顾文献，以评估在下颌和上颌无牙区植入种植体并用种植体支持的覆盖义齿或种植体支持的固定修复体进行修复时，早期和即刻加载种植体的可靠性。
