Kachadourian Lorig K, Fincham Frank, Davila Joanne
Department of Psychology, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, NY 14260, USA.
Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2005 Mar;31(3):334-42. doi: 10.1177/0146167204271595.
Although positive and negative attitudes toward a transgressor are related to increased and decreased forgiveness, respectively, prior research has failed to investigate forgiveness among those who feel both positively and negatively toward a transgressor. Therefore, the authors examined such ambivalence and its relationship to forgiveness. It was hypothesized that spouses with ambivalent attitudes toward their partner will be less forgiving of a partner transgression because such an event is likely to prime the negative component of their ambivalence. Because ruminating about a transgression also has the potential to prime the negative component of one's ambivalence, an interaction between rumination and ambivalence was predicted. Data from 87 married couples showed that greater attitudinal ambivalence toward the partner was associated with decreased forgiveness only when husbands and wives thought about the transgression frequently; ambivalence was not related to forgiveness in the absence of rumination. The implications of these findings for understanding forgiveness in marriage and for increasing forgiveness among married couples are discussed.
尽管对犯错者的积极态度和消极态度分别与宽恕的增加和减少相关,但先前的研究未能调查那些对犯错者同时持有积极和消极态度的人的宽恕情况。因此,作者们研究了这种矛盾情绪及其与宽恕的关系。研究假设,对伴侣持有矛盾态度的配偶对伴侣的过错宽恕程度较低,因为这样的事件可能会引发他们矛盾情绪中的消极成分。由于反复思考过错也有可能引发一个人矛盾情绪中的消极成分,因此预测反复思考和矛盾情绪之间会存在交互作用。来自87对已婚夫妇的数据表明,只有当丈夫和妻子频繁思考过错时,对伴侣更大的态度矛盾才与较低的宽恕程度相关;在没有反复思考的情况下,矛盾情绪与宽恕无关。讨论了这些发现对于理解婚姻中的宽恕以及增加已婚夫妇之间宽恕的意义。