Adams V J, Lombard C J, Dhansay M A, Markus M B, Fincham J E
Medical Research Council, Cape Town.
S Afr Med J. 2004 Dec;94(12):972-6.
To test the efficacy of albendazole against the whipworm Trichuris trichiura for school-based deworming in the south-western Cape, South Africa. Children infected with Trichuris were randomised to 3 doses of albendazole (400, 800 or 1200 mg), each repeated 4 times. The boy/girl ratio was 1. A group not infected with worms was treated with placebo, creating a negative control.
Pupils at a primary school serving a wine-producing area approximately 90 km east of Cape Town.
Trichuris cure rates and reduction in the number of eggs/g in faeces, as well as the infection dynamics of Trichuris and Ascaris during treatment with placebo.
Albendazole treatment was associated with Trichuris cure rates of 23% (400 mg), 56% (800 mg) and 67% (1200 mg) after the final treatment. The corresponding reductions in the number of eggs/g of faeces were 96.8%, 99.3% and 99.7%. Environmental pollution by human faeces was confirmed because worm egg-negative children in the placebo group became egg-positive while the study was in progress.
The 400 mg stat dose had a low Trichuris cure rate. To repeat the dose on 2 or 3 days would increase cost, reduce compliance and complicate management. Albendazole cannot be used in deworming programmes in South Africa because it is a Schedule 4 prescription medicine. De-scheduling is needed urgently, particularly because of high efficacy against hookworm in KwaZulu-Natal and neighbouring countries.
测试阿苯达唑对南非开普敦西南部以学校为基础的驱虫项目中鞭虫（Trichuris trichiura）的疗效。感染鞭虫的儿童被随机分为3组，分别给予3剂阿苯达唑（400、800或1200毫克），每组剂量重复4次。男女比例为1。未感染蠕虫的一组给予安慰剂作为阴性对照。
位于开普敦以东约90公里的一个葡萄酒产区的一所小学的学生。
鞭虫治愈率、粪便中每克虫卵数量的减少情况，以及安慰剂治疗期间鞭虫和蛔虫的感染动态。
最终治疗后，阿苯达唑治疗的鞭虫治愈率分别为23%（400毫克）、56%（800毫克）和67%（1200毫克）。粪便中每克虫卵数量相应减少了96.8%、99.3%和99.7%。由于在研究进行期间，安慰剂组虫卵阴性的儿童变为虫卵阳性，证实了人类粪便对环境的污染。
400毫克单次剂量的鞭虫治愈率较低。在2或3天内重复给药会增加成本、降低依从性并使管理复杂化。阿苯达唑不能用于南非的驱虫项目，因为它是一种4类处方药。迫切需要将其从处方药名单中去除，特别是考虑到它在夸祖鲁 - 纳塔尔省和邻国对钩虫有很高的疗效。
