Slavicek Rudolf, Sato Sadao
Zentrum für Interdisziplinäre Zahnheilkunde, Abteilung für Umwelt und Medizin, Donau-Universität Krems, Krems, Osterreich.
Wien Med Wochenschr. 2004 Dec;154(23-24):584-9. doi: 10.1007/s10354-004-0129-1.
Bruxism is generally defined as a parafunctional clenching and grinding action between the upper and lower teeth. During this activity, extremely strong forces can be applied for time periods exceeding those of functional mastication. These biomechanical loads create many dental problems, such as abfractions, hypersensitivity, periodontal distraction, and temporo-mandibular dysfunction. Researchers studying Bruxism have long discussed psychic stress and emotional tension. It has also been indicated that an aggressive biting is associated with a significant attenuation of the stress-induced increase of nor-adrenalin turnover in the brain, of the striatal DOPAC contents and with the prevention of stomach ulcer formation in experimental animals. The concept of stress management based on the psychological background of Bruxism and the benefits attributable to masticatory muscle activity in attenuating stress-related symptoms such as stomach ulcer. The clenching and bruxing function of the masticatory organ is an emergency exit during periods of psychic overloading. Therefore, occlusion of the masticatory organ contributes significantly to an individual's ability to manage stress. Bruxism in proper dentition can be recognized as a valid system prophylaxis for all stress related diseases.
磨牙症通常被定义为上下牙齿之间的一种副功能紧咬和磨牙动作。在这种活动期间，可在超过功能性咀嚼的时间段内施加极强的力量。这些生物力学负荷会引发许多牙齿问题，如楔状缺损、牙齿过敏、牙周组织牵张以及颞下颌功能紊乱。研究磨牙症的人员长期以来一直在探讨精神压力和情绪紧张问题。也有研究表明，积极咬合与大脑中应激诱导的去甲肾上腺素周转率增加的显著减弱、纹状体中3,4-二羟基苯乙酸含量的显著减弱以及实验动物胃溃疡形成的预防有关。基于磨牙症的心理背景的压力管理概念以及咀嚼肌活动在减轻诸如胃溃疡等与压力相关症状方面的益处。咀嚼器官的紧咬和磨牙功能是精神超负荷时期的一个应急出口。因此，咀嚼器官的咬合对个体管理压力的能力有显著贡献。正常牙列中的磨牙症可被视为对所有与压力相关疾病的一种有效的系统预防措施。
