Linn Susan E
Judge Baker Children's Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02120, USA.
J Public Health Policy. 2004;25(3-4):367-78. doi: 10.1057/palgrave.jphp.3190036.
Childhood obesity is a major public health problem in the United States, yet US children are targeted as never before with marketing for foods high in sugar, fat, salt, and calories. Food marketing to children is highly sophisticated, increasingly well-funded, and takes place within the context of a barrage of other kinds of child-targeted marketing. The proliferation and sophistication of electronic media, the escalation of marketing in schools, changing families, and a political climate that favors deregulation have allowed marketers unprecedented access to children, including babies and toddlers. The notion--promulgated by the food industry--that parents can "just say no" to requests for highly marketed snacks and junk food is simplistic at best and cynical at worst. Instead of being viewed as a familial problem, the current marketing maelstrom should be viewed as a societal issue and addressed as such. Restriction of advertising to children is common in industrial democracies other than the United States--and is just one of many corrective actions that could be taken by our governments.
儿童肥胖是美国一个主要的公共卫生问题,然而美国儿童正前所未有的成为高糖、高脂肪、高盐及高热量食品营销的目标对象。针对儿童的食品营销手段极为复杂,资金投入日益雄厚,且是在针对儿童的大量其他类型营销的背景下进行的。电子媒体的扩散和复杂程度、学校营销活动的升级、家庭结构的变化以及有利于放松监管的政治环境,使得营销人员能够前所未有的接近儿童,包括婴儿和幼儿。食品行业所宣扬的父母可以对大肆营销的零食和垃圾食品的请求“直接说不”这一观念,往好里说是过于简单化,往坏里说是愤世嫉俗。当前的营销乱象不应被视为家庭问题,而应被视为一个社会问题并据此加以解决。在美国以外的工业民主国家,限制向儿童做广告是常见的做法——这只是我们政府可以采取的众多纠正措施之一。