Weiss Rachel I, Smith Jason A
Public Health Advocacy Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02116, USA.
J Public Health Policy. 2004;25(3-4):379-90. doi: 10.1057/palgrave.jphp.3190037.
Legislative bodies in the United States have often passed laws to regulate food in its production, content, and sale. Additionally, legislatures have created economic policies that directly affect the food supply and determine both the type and quantity of food available. Legislatively-enacted federal programs, such as the National School Lunch Program, also provide opportunities to promote good nutrition. These traditional areas of legislation represent the most efficient means to affect the food environment legislatively. While exploring legislative solutions to obesity, it is also imperative to monitor attempts by the legislature to constrain other public health strategies by limiting private enforcement and limiting the regulatory freedom of traditional public health authorities.
美国立法机构经常通过法律来规范食品的生产、成分和销售。此外，立法机构还制定了直接影响食品供应并决定可获得食品的种类和数量的经济政策。立法制定的联邦项目，如国家学校午餐计划，也提供了促进良好营养的机会。这些传统的立法领域代表了通过立法影响食品环境的最有效手段。在探索解决肥胖问题的立法方案时，监测立法机构通过限制私人执法和限制传统公共卫生当局的监管自由来约束其他公共卫生策略的企图也至关重要。
