Hughes C, Kumari V, Das M, Zachariah E, Ettinger U, Sumich A, Sharma T
Division of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK.
Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2005 Mar;111(3):185-92. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.2004.00392.x.
The objective of this study was to investigate neuropsychological impairment as a genetically mediated risk indicator for schizophrenia while accounting for prevalence of schizotypy signs/symptoms in siblings.
Cognitive functioning in 25 individuals with schizophrenia, 25 unaffected siblings and 25 unrelated healthy controls, was assessed using neuropsychological tests of sustained attention, memory and learning, executive function, visual-spatial ability and psychomotor performance.
Unaffected siblings demonstrated better performance than patients on some measures of memory and learning and executive function. Patients and siblings demonstrated impaired Full Scale IQ and verbal fluency, otherwise siblings performed similarly to healthy controls. Controlling for differences in IQ, the shared deficit in verbal fluency disappeared.
Patients with schizophrenia and unaffected siblings (without schizotypy personality disorder) shared a neuropsychological deficit in verbal fluency. This deficit appeared to be mediated by IQ. Deficits, which differentiated patients from controls, may not be inherited and perhaps are related to the manifestation or treatment of schizophrenia.
本研究的目的是调查神经心理损害作为精神分裂症的一种遗传介导风险指标，同时考虑同胞中分裂型症状的患病率。
使用持续注意力、记忆与学习、执行功能、视觉空间能力和精神运动表现的神经心理测试，对25名精神分裂症患者、25名未患病的同胞和25名无关健康对照者的认知功能进行评估。
在一些记忆与学习及执行功能测量中，未患病的同胞表现优于患者。患者和同胞的全量表智商及言语流畅性受损，除此之外，同胞的表现与健康对照者相似。控制智商差异后，言语流畅性方面的共同缺陷消失。
精神分裂症患者和未患病的同胞（无分裂型人格障碍）在言语流畅性方面存在共同的神经心理缺陷。这种缺陷似乎由智商介导。使患者与对照者有差异的缺陷可能不是遗传的，或许与精神分裂症的表现或治疗有关。
