Bisova Katerina, Krylov Dmitri M, Umen James G
The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.
Plant Physiol. 2005 Feb;137(2):475-91. doi: 10.1104/pp.104.054155.
Eukaryotic cell cycles are driven by a set of regulators that have undergone lineage-specific gene loss, duplication, or divergence in different taxa. It is not known to what extent these genomic processes contribute to differences in cell cycle regulatory programs and cell division mechanisms among different taxonomic groups. We have undertaken a genome-wide characterization of the cell cycle genes encoded by Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, a unicellular eukaryote that is part of the green algal/land plant clade. Although Chlamydomonas cells divide by a noncanonical mechanism termed multiple fission, the cell cycle regulatory proteins from Chlamydomonas are remarkably similar to those found in higher plants and metazoans, including the proteins of the RB-E2F pathway that are absent in the fungal kingdom. Unlike in higher plants and vertebrates where cell cycle regulatory genes have undergone extensive duplication, most of the cell cycle regulators in Chlamydomonas have not. The relatively small number of cell cycle genes and growing molecular genetic toolkit position Chlamydomonas to become an important model for higher plant and metazoan cell cycles.
真核细胞周期由一组调节因子驱动，这些调节因子在不同的分类群中经历了谱系特异性的基因丢失、复制或分化。目前尚不清楚这些基因组过程在多大程度上导致了不同分类群之间细胞周期调节程序和细胞分裂机制的差异。我们对莱茵衣藻（一种属于绿藻/陆地植物进化枝的单细胞真核生物）编码的细胞周期基因进行了全基因组表征。尽管衣藻细胞通过一种称为多次分裂的非典型机制进行分裂，但衣藻的细胞周期调节蛋白与高等植物和后生动物中的蛋白非常相似，包括真菌界中不存在的RB-E2F途径的蛋白。与高等植物和脊椎动物中细胞周期调节基因经历了广泛复制不同，衣藻中的大多数细胞周期调节因子并没有。相对较少的细胞周期基因和不断发展的分子遗传工具使衣藻成为高等植物和后生动物细胞周期的重要模型。
