Krogsgaard Michelle, Davis Mark M
The Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA.
Nat Immunol. 2005 Mar;6(3):239-45. doi: 10.1038/ni1173.
T lymphocytes bearing alphabeta T cell receptors are pivotal in the immune response of most vertebrates. For example, helper T cells orchestrate antibody production by B cells as well as stimulating other cells, whereas cytotoxic T cells kill virally infected or abnormal cells. Regulatory T cells act to dampen responsiveness, and natural killer-like T cells monitor lipid metabolism. The specificity of these cells is governed by the alphabeta T cell receptors - antibody-like heterodimeric receptors that detect antigenic fragments (peptides) or lipids bound to histocompatibility molecules. Intriguing clues as to how these peculiar ligands are recognized have gradually emerged over the years and tell a remarkable story of biochemical and cellular novelty. Here we summarize some of the more recent work on alphabeta T cell receptor recognition and discuss the implications for activation.
携带αβ T细胞受体的T淋巴细胞在大多数脊椎动物的免疫反应中起着关键作用。例如，辅助性T细胞协调B细胞产生抗体以及刺激其他细胞，而细胞毒性T细胞则杀死病毒感染的细胞或异常细胞。调节性T细胞起到抑制反应性的作用，而自然杀伤样T细胞则监测脂质代谢。这些细胞的特异性由αβ T细胞受体决定，αβ T细胞受体是一种类似抗体的异二聚体受体，可检测与组织相容性分子结合的抗原片段（肽）或脂质。多年来，关于这些特殊配体如何被识别的有趣线索逐渐浮现，讲述了一个关于生化和细胞新奇性的非凡故事。在这里，我们总结了一些关于αβ T细胞受体识别的最新研究工作，并讨论了其对激活的影响
