Cunningham Erin L, Berger James M
Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California Berkeley, 227 Hildebrand Hall #3206, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
Curr Opin Struct Biol. 2005 Feb;15(1):68-76. doi: 10.1016/j.sbi.2005.01.003.
In prokaryotes, many of the physical mechanisms governing the process of initiating DNA replication are now emerging. For example, certain organizational features of origins, such as the use of repetitive sequence elements for initiator-binding sites, are found throughout bacteria and many archaea. Common themes in the regulation of initiation, including origin sequestration by trans-acting factors, titration of initiator levels by cis- and trans-acting factors, and control of initiator function by ATP, also exist. Recent studies have shown that prokaryotic initiator structures are both modular and conserved, and have begun to reveal how these proteins specifically recognize target DNA sequences. These properties probably control initiator self-assembly and DNA remodeling to properly fire replication origins.
在原核生物中，许多控制DNA复制起始过程的物理机制正在逐渐显现。例如，在整个细菌和许多古细菌中都发现了起始点的某些组织特征，如使用重复序列元件作为起始子结合位点。起始调控中也存在一些共同主题，包括反式作用因子对起始点的隔离、顺式和反式作用因子对起始子水平的滴定以及ATP对起始子功能的控制。最近的研究表明，原核生物起始子结构具有模块化和保守性，并已开始揭示这些蛋白质如何特异性识别靶DNA序列。这些特性可能控制起始子的自组装和DNA重塑，以正确激活复制起始点。
