Ejaz Sohail, Seok Kim Bum, Woong Lim Chae
Biosafety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea.
Drug Chem Toxicol. 2005;28(1):1-14. doi: 10.1081/dct-39678.
Cigarette smoking is unrivaled among developmental toxicants in terms of total adverse impact on the human population. Maternal tobacco use during pregnancy adversely affects prenatal and postnatal growth and increases the risk of behavioral and developmental defects in children and adolescents. In the current study, the effects of different preparations of nicotine and mainstream whole smoke solutions (MSWSS) on embryonic movements during neonatal development were examined in vivo, using the chicken embryo model, recorded in real-time by a video camera. It was observed that low doses of nicotine induced hyperactivity and higher doses induced hypoactivity. Accordingly, a significant (p < 0.01) decrease in movements was observed by application of 10 microg of nicotine and different preparations of MSWSS. A dose-dependent decrease in embryonic movements was observed, which did not recover by the end of experiment. It was concluded that nicotine could alter embryonic movements, which are important during embryogenesis for differentiation and maturation of the body systems.
就对人类群体的总体不利影响而言，吸烟在发育毒物中是无与伦比的。孕期母亲吸烟会对产前和产后生长产生不利影响，并增加儿童和青少年出现行为和发育缺陷的风险。在本研究中，利用鸡胚模型在体内检测了不同制剂的尼古丁和主流全烟溶液（MSWSS）对新生儿发育期间胚胎活动的影响，并用摄像机进行实时记录。观察到低剂量尼古丁会引起活动亢进，而高剂量则会引起活动减退。因此，应用10微克尼古丁和不同制剂的MSWSS后，观察到活动显著减少（p < 0.01）。观察到胚胎活动呈剂量依赖性减少，且在实验结束时未恢复。得出的结论是，尼古丁会改变胚胎活动，而胚胎活动在胚胎发育过程中对于身体系统的分化和成熟非常重要。
