El-Sebaie Medhat, Zaghloul Mohamed Saad, Howard Grahame, Mokhtar Alaa
Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo, Egypt.
Int J Clin Oncol. 2005 Feb;10(1):20-5. doi: 10.1007/s10147-004-0457-6.
Squamous cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder, though uncommon in Europe and the United States, is the most common variety of bladder tumor in countries where urinary bilharziasis prevails. A great controversy still exists regarding its natural history and management. Here, we review the literature of bilharzial and nonbilharzial squamous cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder, focusing on large series. Our aim was to gather most of the published data about this disease entity, report it in a systematic comparative review, and attempt to identify the adverse features and variables behind its dismal outcome. The conclusions are that squamous cell carcinoma, whether bilharzial or nonbilharzial, has distinctive clinicopathological features, different from those of the transitional cell variety. These tumors usually present in advanced (muscle-invasive) stages. Pelvic nodal metastases are not common, and the incidence of distant metastases is less than that reported with transitional cell carcinoma. Local treatment, including cystectomy and adjunctive radiotherapy, is the most acceptable way of treating such tumors.
膀胱鳞状细胞癌在欧洲和美国虽不常见，但在泌尿血吸虫病流行的国家却是最常见的膀胱肿瘤类型。关于其自然病史和治疗方法仍存在很大争议。在此，我们回顾了膀胱血吸虫性和非血吸虫性鳞状细胞癌的文献，重点关注大型系列研究。我们的目的是收集关于这一疾病实体的大部分已发表数据，在系统的比较性综述中进行报告，并试图找出其预后不佳背后的不良特征和变量。结论是，鳞状细胞癌，无论是血吸虫性还是非血吸虫性，都具有独特的临床病理特征，与移行细胞癌不同。这些肿瘤通常在晚期（肌层浸润）阶段出现。盆腔淋巴结转移并不常见，远处转移的发生率低于移行细胞癌的报道。局部治疗，包括膀胱切除术和辅助放疗，是治疗此类肿瘤最可接受的方法。
