Dorny P, Baelmans R, Parmentier H K, Nieuwland M G B, Demey F, Berkvens D
Department of Animal Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium.
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2005 Jan;37(1):1-9. doi: 10.1023/b:trop.0000047928.65424.28.
German Dahlem Red chickens with three different major genes of tropical interest: Nana- (naked neck), Ff- (frizzled) and dw- (dwarf), respectively, were tested for serum haemolytic complement, which is essential in innate host defence against infectious agents. Eight different combinations of genes for body size and feather coverage were evaluated. Significant differences both for both the calcium-dependent (classical, CPW) and the calcium-independent (alternative, APW) complement titres were found between the phenotypes. Phenotype nanaffDw- showed the highest complement status. The frizzled (Ff-) gene had a negative influence on APW titres, whereas the dwarf (dw-) gene had a negative influence on CPW titres. The naked neck (Nana-) gene had various influences on the haemolytic complement status. All tested hens had MHC (B) 21 haplotypes, whereas the gene for dwarfism appeared to be linked with the B19 haplotype. It was concluded that introducing major genes (Nana-, dw-, Ff-) to conquer environmental stress in hot climates can have a negative impact on certain aspects of the innate immunity of poultry.
分别带有三种具有热带地区研究价值的不同主要基因（裸颈基因 Nana-、卷羽基因 Ff- 和矮小型基因 dw-）的德国达勒姆红鸡，接受了血清溶血补体检测，血清溶血补体在宿主抵御感染因子的天然防御中至关重要。对体型和羽毛覆盖的八种不同基因组合进行了评估。在不同表型之间，发现钙依赖性（经典途径，CPW）和钙非依赖性（替代途径，APW）补体滴度均存在显著差异。表型 nanaffDw- 的补体状态最高。卷羽基因（Ff-）对 APW 滴度有负面影响，而矮小型基因（dw-）对 CPW 滴度有负面影响。裸颈基因（Nana-）对溶血补体状态有多种影响。所有受试母鸡均具有 MHC（B）21 单倍型，而矮小型基因似乎与 B19 单倍型相关联。研究得出结论，引入主要基因（Nana-、dw-、Ff-）以应对炎热气候中的环境压力，可能会对家禽先天免疫的某些方面产生负面影响。
