Mason Malia F, Tatkow Elizabeth P, Macrae C Neil
Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Dartmouth College, Moore Hall, Hanover, NH 03755, USA.
Psychol Sci. 2005 Mar;16(3):236-9. doi: 10.1111/j.0956-7976.2005.00809.x.
Gaze direction is a vital communicative channel through which people transmit information to each other. By signaling the locus of social attention, gaze cues convey information about the relative importance of objects, including other people, in the environment. For the most part, this information is communicated via patterns of gaze direction, with gaze shifts signaling changes in the objects of attention. Noting the relevance of gaze cues in social cognition, we speculated that gaze shifts may modulate people's evaluations of others. We investigated this possibility by asking participants to judge the likability (Experiment 1) and physical attractiveness (Experiment 2) of targets displaying gaze shifts indicative of attentional engagement or disengagement with the participants. As expected, person evaluation was moderated by the direction of gaze shifts, but only when the judgment under consideration was relevant to participants. We consider how and when gaze shifts may modulate person perception and its associated behavioral products.
注视方向是人们相互传递信息的重要交流渠道。通过指示社会关注的焦点，注视线索传达了环境中包括他人在内的物体相对重要性的信息。在大多数情况下，这些信息是通过注视方向模式来传达的，注视转移标志着注意力对象的变化。鉴于注视线索在社会认知中的相关性，我们推测注视转移可能会调节人们对他人的评价。我们通过要求参与者判断目标对象的可爱程度（实验1）和外貌吸引力（实验2）来研究这种可能性，这些目标对象的注视转移表明他们对参与者的注意力是投入还是分散。正如预期的那样，对他人的评价受到注视转移方向的调节，但前提是所考虑的判断与参与者相关。我们思考了注视转移如何以及何时可能调节对他人的感知及其相关的行为表现。
