Farrell Gerry, Cubit Katrina
Tasmanian School of Nursing, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia.
Int J Ment Health Nurs. 2005 Mar;14(1):44-53. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-0979.2005.00354.x.
Staff who work in the health service are now recognized as a high-risk group for assault in the workplace. Recently, professional and industrial organizations have begun to suggest appropriate curricula for training staff in aggression management. However, there is currently a plethora of aggression management training programs (AMP) available, varying both in content and in duration. In this paper, 28 programs were evaluated against 13 major content areas derived from the recommendations made from key professional and industrial organizations, and what may be today considered appropriate/ideal content areas for AMP. Information on programs available in English was sought via standard databases, the Internet, program providers, and through networking with colleagues and professional organizations. The majority of the programs reviewed covered personal safety issues for staff and patients, together with legal issues. The use of restraint, pharmacological management of aggression and seclusion were features of programs specifically addressing the needs of health care staff in mental health settings. Most programs appeared not to address the psychological and organizational costs associated with aggression in the workplace. This is surprising since the literature suggests that the effects of violence are wide and varied, including increased absenteeism and sick leave, property damage, decreased productivity, security costs, litigation, workers' compensation, reduced job satisfaction together with recruitment and retention issues. Also, few programs were based on a systematic evaluation of their outcomes. Suggestions for program development and their teaching are discussed.
在医疗服务机构工作的员工如今被视为工作场所遭受攻击的高风险群体。最近，专业和行业组织已开始建议制定适当的课程，用于培训员工进行攻击行为管理。然而，目前有大量的攻击行为管理培训项目（AMP）可供选择，其内容和时长各不相同。在本文中，根据关键专业和行业组织提出的建议以及如今可能被视为AMP合适/理想的内容领域所衍生出的13个主要内容领域，对28个项目进行了评估。通过标准数据库、互联网、项目提供商以及与同事和专业组织建立联系，获取了英文可用项目的信息。所审查的大多数项目涵盖了员工和患者的人身安全问题以及法律问题。使用约束措施、攻击行为的药物管理和隔离是专门针对心理健康机构医护人员需求的项目的特点。大多数项目似乎并未涉及工作场所攻击行为所带来的心理和组织成本。这令人惊讶，因为文献表明暴力的影响广泛而多样，包括旷工和病假增加、财产损失、生产力下降、安保成本、诉讼、工伤赔偿、工作满意度降低以及招聘和留用问题。此外，很少有项目基于对其结果的系统评估。本文还讨论了项目开发及其教学的建议。
