Page Andrew C, Locke Vance, Trio Marisa
School of Psychology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WAU, Australia.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2005 Mar;88(3):421-31. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.88.3.421.
An online thought-suppression paradigm was developed to test predictions of ironic process theory. Participants concentrated on or suppressed a particular semantic category. Semantic activation was indexed by the latency to name words from the category. In Experiments 1 and 2, an analog intrusion was introduced while participants were trying to suppress the information. Results consistent with ironic process theory were observed using words with polar opposites in Experiment 1 and words without polar opposites in Experiment 2. To determine whether these effects were dependent on the analog intrusion, Experiment 3 replicated Experiment 1 without the intrusion. Concentration generated semantic activation, but suppression exacerbated this activation. The data imply that hyperaccessibility results from efforts to suppress, whereas the processes of thought suppression identified by ironic process theory require the presence of material inconsistent with a desired cognitive state.
一种在线思维抑制范式被开发出来以检验反讽过程理论的预测。参与者专注于或抑制一个特定的语义类别。语义激活通过从该类别中说出单词的潜伏期来索引。在实验1和实验2中，当参与者试图抑制信息时引入了一个类比干扰。在实验1中使用具有极性相反的单词，在实验2中使用没有极性相反的单词，观察到了与反讽过程理论一致的结果。为了确定这些效应是否依赖于类比干扰，实验3在没有干扰的情况下重复了实验1。专注产生语义激活，但抑制加剧了这种激活。数据表明，过度可及性源于抑制的努力，而反讽过程理论所确定的思维抑制过程需要存在与期望的认知状态不一致的材料。
