Sréter T, Széll Z, Varga I
Department of Wildlife Diseases and Parasitology, Central Veterinary Institute, P.O. Box 2, H-1581 Budapest 146, Hungary.
Vet Parasitol. 2005 Mar 31;128(3-4):347-51. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2004.11.025. Epub 2005 Jan 28.
A survey was conducted to investigate the spatial distribution of Ixodes ricinus and Dermacentor reticulatus in Hungary and to compare these data with the results of a previous large-scale survey. In the survey conducted in the 1950s, D. reticulatus adults were detected in two isolated areas of two counties, and the presence of these ticks in the collection was explained by accidental introduction. In the present survey, D. reticulatus became the second most common species occurring in all 16 counties involved in the monitoring and showed high prevalence. The change in the spatial distribution of this tick species, the increase of incidence of Babesia canis infection in Hungary, and the increasing number of canine babesiosis case reports from other Central and Central Eastern European countries since the 1970s suggest an expansion of the geographic range of D. reticulatus and intensification of the transmission rate of B. canis and probably other D. reticulatus-borne diseases (e.g. tularemia and tick-borne lymphadenopathy) in the region. The spatial distribution of I. ricinus was roughly in line with the results of the earlier survey. I. ricinus was the most common tick species being present in all 16 counties with the highest prevalence. Nevertheless, the comparison of the data of the previous and current survey cannot be used for fine-scale analysis; thus, it cannot be dismissed that the spatial distribution of I. ricinus also changed during the past decades. The spatial distribution patterns of tick-borne encephalitis in Hungary and other Central Eastern European countries may indicate such a change.
开展了一项调查，以研究匈牙利蓖麻硬蜱和网纹革蜱的空间分布，并将这些数据与之前大规模调查的结果进行比较。在20世纪50年代进行的调查中，在两个县的两个孤立地区检测到了网纹革蜱成虫，这些蜱虫在样本中的出现被解释为意外引入。在本次调查中，网纹革蜱成为参与监测的所有16个县中第二常见的物种，且患病率很高。自20世纪70年代以来，这种蜱虫物种空间分布的变化、匈牙利犬巴贝斯虫感染发病率的增加以及其他中欧和中东欧国家犬巴贝斯虫病病例报告数量的增加，表明网纹革蜱的地理范围扩大，以及该地区犬巴贝斯虫及可能其他网纹革蜱传播疾病（如兔热病和蜱传淋巴结病）的传播率增加。蓖麻硬蜱的空间分布大致与早期调查结果一致。蓖麻硬蜱是所有16个县中最常见的蜱虫物种，患病率最高。然而，之前和当前调查数据的比较不能用于精细尺度分析；因此，不能排除蓖麻硬蜱的空间分布在过去几十年中也发生了变化。匈牙利和其他中东欧国家蜱传脑炎的空间分布模式可能表明了这种变化。
