Elder John P, Broyles Shelia L, Brennan Jesse J, Zúñiga de Nuncio Maria Luisa, Nader Philip R
Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA.
J Immigr Health. 2005 Jan;7(1):1-9. doi: 10.1007/s10903-005-1385-x.
Acculturation is typically defined in terms of individual responses to a dominant culture. In the present study, we examined the effects of different levels of acculturation among family members. Specifically, we looked at the health and risk behavior in Mexican-American children as related to a variety of psychosocial predictors, especially the differences in orientation toward Mexican- and Anglo-American cultures between them and their parents. Mother and child pairs (n = 106) noted their orientation toward both Anglo and Mexican cultures. Children's dietary and sedentary behaviors, tobacco and alcohol use (and susceptibility to use), and depressive symptoms were also measured. Males were more likely to be sedentary and consume higher levels of total fat and saturated fat, whereas girls reported higher levels of depression. Anglo-oriented youth consumed lower levels of calories from fat but also more alcohol than did their Mexican-oriented counterparts. The latter was particularly the case among those children who were relatively more Anglo oriented than were their parents. Parent-child acculturation differential in terms of the differences in Mexican orientation, in comparison, predicted susceptibility to tobacco use. However, the sum of the absolute values of these two differences predicted only lifetime alcohol use, and in a counter-intuitive direction. This familial measure of acculturation shows some promise, but additional formative research is needed to operationalize this construct.
文化适应通常是根据个体对主流文化的反应来定义的。在本研究中，我们考察了家庭成员中不同文化适应水平的影响。具体而言，我们研究了墨西哥裔美国儿童的健康和风险行为与各种心理社会预测因素的关系，特别是他们与父母之间在对墨西哥文化和盎格鲁 - 美国文化的取向方面的差异。母亲和孩子对（n = 106）记录了他们对盎格鲁文化和墨西哥文化的取向。还测量了儿童的饮食和久坐行为、烟草和酒精使用（以及使用易感性）以及抑郁症状。男性更倾向于久坐不动，摄入的总脂肪和饱和脂肪水平更高，而女孩报告的抑郁水平更高。以盎格鲁文化为导向的青少年从脂肪中摄入的热量较低，但比以墨西哥文化为导向的同龄人饮酒更多。在那些比他们的父母相对更倾向于盎格鲁文化的孩子中，情况尤其如此。相比之下，亲子文化适应差异在墨西哥文化取向的差异方面预测了烟草使用的易感性。然而，这两种差异的绝对值之和仅预测了终身饮酒情况，而且方向与直觉相反。这种家庭文化适应测量方法显示出一定的前景，但需要更多的形成性研究来实施这一概念。
