Nishtar Sania, Shera Samad, Raffique Ghazala, Mohamud Khalif Bile, Ahmed Ashfaq
J Pak Med Assoc. 2004 Dec;54(12 Suppl 3):S26-30.
More than 10% of the adult population in Pakistan suffers from diabetes. The National Action Plan for Non-communicable Disease Prevention, Control and Health Promotion in Pakistan (NAP-NCD) incorporates prevention and control of diabetes as part of a comprehensive and integrated national non-communicable disease (NCD) prevention effort. Building on existing data, the diabetes surveillance process has been integrated with a comprehensive population-based NCD surveillance system using waist circumference as a proxy indicator for the risk of diabetes in the short term; however, the surveillance strategy makes a case for future efforts to upgrade surveillance to allow a more comprehensive assessment incorporating biochemical assessments. The programme focuses on diabetes prevention by maximizing risk factor control as a common theme across the range of NCDs and lays emphasis on integrating prevention of'diabetes and intensified case finding in high-risk groups into health services as part of a comprehensive and sustainable, scientifically valid, culturally appropriate and resource-sensitive Continued Medical Education (CME) programme for all categories of healthcare providers. The programme also focuses on ensuring availability of anti-diabetics (insulin, sulphonylureas, metformin) at all levels of healthcare. Building capacity in the health system and coalitions in support of diabetes prevention has also been regarded as being critical.
超过10%的巴基斯坦成年人口患有糖尿病。巴基斯坦《非传染性疾病预防、控制和健康促进国家行动计划》（NAP-NCD）将糖尿病的预防和控制纳入国家非传染性疾病（NCD）综合预防工作的一部分。基于现有数据，糖尿病监测过程已与基于人群的全面非传染性疾病监测系统相结合，使用腰围作为短期内糖尿病风险的替代指标；然而，监测策略表明未来需要努力升级监测，以便纳入生化评估进行更全面的评估。该计划以将危险因素控制最大化作为预防糖尿病的重点，这是各类非传染性疾病的共同主题，并强调将糖尿病预防和高危人群强化病例发现纳入卫生服务，作为面向所有类别医疗服务提供者的全面、可持续、科学有效、文化适宜且资源敏感的继续医学教育（CME）计划的一部分。该计划还注重确保各级医疗保健机构都能提供抗糖尿病药物（胰岛素、磺脲类药物、二甲双胍）。加强卫生系统能力以及建立支持糖尿病预防的联盟也被视为至关重要。
