Milne Bronwyn G, Williams Stephen, May Meryta L A, Kesson Alison M, Gillis Jonathan, Burgess Margaret A
Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, New South Wales.
Commun Dis Intell Q Rep. 2004;28(4):504-9.
This paper reports the clinical features and outcome of all children with a laboratory proven diagnosis of influenza A virus infection admitted to a major Paediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) in 2003. Eight of the 22 patients with influenza A virus infection (A/Fujian/411/2002-like type) presented with encephalopathy and three of the 22 patients died. This can be compared with 44 admissions and seven (16%) deaths of patients with influenza virus admitted in the same PICU in the preceding 15 years. In the present cohort, four (18%) of the 22 patients, including one child who died, should have received influenza vaccine according to the current Australian immunisation recommendations. We have no documented evidence that any of the 22 children received influenza vaccination. During the 2003 influenza season there was an increased number of children admitted to our PICU with influenza A infection and an increased number of deaths compared with previous years. Influenza infection causes significant morbidity and mortality in young children, most of whom are not currently recommended for annual influenza vaccination.
本文报告了2003年入住一家大型儿科重症监护病房（PICU）且实验室确诊为甲型流感病毒感染的所有儿童的临床特征及转归情况。22例甲型流感病毒感染（A/福建/411/2002样株）患儿中有8例出现脑病，22例中有3例死亡。这可与前15年同一PICU收治的流感病毒感染患者的44例入院病例及7例（16%）死亡病例相比较。在本队列中，根据澳大利亚当前的免疫接种建议，22例患者中有4例（18%），包括1例死亡患儿，本应接种流感疫苗。我们没有记录证据表明这22名儿童中有任何一人接种了流感疫苗。在2003年流感季节，与前几年相比，入住我们PICU的甲型流感感染患儿数量增加，死亡人数也增加。流感感染在幼儿中会导致显著的发病和死亡，目前大多数幼儿不建议每年接种流感疫苗。
