Rahman Fazlur, Rahman Aminur, Linnan Michael, Giersing Morten, Shafinaz Shumona
Institute of Child and Mother Health, Matuail, Dhaka-1362, Bangladesh.
Inj Control Saf Promot. 2004 Sep;11(3):153-7. doi: 10.1080/156609704/233/289634.
In recent times, many developing countries including Bangladesh not only have to cope with infectious diseases and malnutrition but also with new health problems, such as asthma, cancer and accidents. The emergence of chronic diseases and injuries has not been seen as an important health issue to date. The work presented here has the objectives of conceptualizing the dynamic changes in child mortality within the framework of the health transition, to provide a basis for projection of future mortality and disability in children in Bangladesh. This paper reviews a number of reports and published articles related to the causes of child deaths in Bangladesh. These include: 1) Year books of Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics; 2) UNICEF reports; 3) Reports of International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease and Research, Bangladesh; and 4) Reports of Institute of Child and Mother Health. Bangladesh clearly has been progressing along its epidemiological transition. At the current stage, chronic diseases and injuries have overtaken infectious diseases as leading causes of child death. Injury has been identified as a major cause of child death in Bangladesh, and is emerging as the leading cause of child mortality, similar to what is occurring in other developing countries. For these countries, in the advancing stages of their health transition, more research aimed at understanding the dynamic change of child health priorities is urgently needed for appropriate policy and planning.
近年来，包括孟加拉国在内的许多发展中国家不仅要应对传染病和营养不良问题，还要应对哮喘、癌症和事故等新的健康问题。迄今为止，慢性病和伤害的出现尚未被视为一个重要的健康问题。本文的目的是在健康转型的框架内概念化儿童死亡率的动态变化，为预测孟加拉国儿童未来的死亡率和残疾情况提供依据。本文回顾了一些与孟加拉国儿童死亡原因相关的报告和已发表的文章。这些包括：1）孟加拉国统计局年鉴；2）联合国儿童基金会报告；3）孟加拉国腹泻病国际研究中心报告；4）儿童与母亲健康研究所报告。孟加拉国显然正在经历其流行病学转型。在现阶段，慢性病和伤害已超过传染病，成为儿童死亡的主要原因。伤害已被确定为孟加拉国儿童死亡的主要原因，并正在成为儿童死亡率的主要原因，这与其他发展中国家的情况类似。对于这些处于健康转型推进阶段的国家，迫切需要开展更多旨在了解儿童健康优先事项动态变化的研究，以便制定适当的政策和规划。
