Williams Sunyna S, Mulhall Peter F
Office of Research, Development, and Information Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Prev Sci. 2005 Mar;6(1):47-57. doi: 10.1007/s11121-005-1252-y.
The current study examined demographic, behavior, belief, and social influence characteristics of adolescents who use various means to get cigarettes and alcohol. Spring 1998 survey participants were 7302 6th, 8th, and 10th grade public school students from throughout Illinois, who self-identified as tobacco smokers and/or alcohol drinkers. The sample was not random, but closely matched the demographic composition of the state. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the effect of each independent variable on each of the cigarette sources and each of the alcohol sources. For both cigarettes and alcohol, adolescents used commercial sources far less than they did social sources such as family and friends. Also, older adolescents and those who are heavier and more entrenched smokers or drinkers were more likely to use both commercial and social sources. Other factors related to use of various sources included beliefs, social influences, and environmental influences. These findings have many implications for intervention, especially by parents and policymakers, and suggest an increased emphasis on social sources adolescents use to obtain cigarettes and alcohol.
当前的研究调查了通过各种方式获取香烟和酒精的青少年的人口统计学、行为、信念和社会影响特征。1998年春季的调查参与者是来自伊利诺伊州各地的7302名六年级、八年级和十年级公立学校学生，他们自我认定为吸烟者和/或饮酒者。该样本并非随机抽取，但与该州的人口构成密切匹配。逻辑回归分析用于检验每个自变量对每种香烟来源和每种酒精来源的影响。对于香烟和酒精，青少年使用商业来源的频率远低于使用家庭和朋友等社会来源的频率。此外，年龄较大的青少年以及吸烟或饮酒更严重、成瘾性更强的青少年更有可能使用商业来源和社会来源。与使用各种来源相关的其他因素包括信念、社会影响和环境影响。这些发现对干预措施有诸多启示，尤其是对家长和政策制定者而言，并表明应更加重视青少年获取香烟和酒精所使用的社会来源。
