Forster J L, Wolfson M
Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55454-1015, USA.
Annu Rev Public Health. 1998;19:203-35. doi: 10.1146/annurev.publhealth.19.1.203.
The late 1980s marked the beginning of a sea change in research and intervention on tobacco use by young people, when the first studies were published demonstrating the ease with which adolescents could purchase cigarettes. Since then concern with the commercial availability of tobacco products to youth has grown, becoming deeply entrenched in both research and policy efforts. This paper reviews the history of restrictions on youth access to tobacco, the evidence that commercial sources of tobacco are available and important to adolescents, and the rationale for various components of policies to restrict access. We also review the recent expansion of policies addressing youth access to tobacco at all levels of government, the tobacco industry response to this expansion, and issues that have arisen as this expansion has developed.
20世纪80年代末标志着针对年轻人烟草使用的研究和干预发生了翻天覆地的变化，当时首批研究发表，表明青少年购买香烟是多么容易。从那时起，对烟草产品向青少年商业销售的关注与日俱增，在研究和政策努力中都已根深蒂固。本文回顾了限制青少年获取烟草的历史、烟草商业来源对青少年可得且重要的证据，以及限制获取政策各组成部分的基本原理。我们还回顾了各级政府近期针对青少年获取烟草问题所制定政策的扩展情况、烟草行业对此扩展的反应，以及随着这一扩展进程出现的问题。
