Forster J L, Murray D M, Wolfson M, Blaine T M, Wagenaar A C, Hennrikus D J
Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55454-1015, USA.
Am J Public Health. 1998 Aug;88(8):1193-8. doi: 10.2105/ajph.88.8.1193.
This study tested the hypothesis that adoption and implementation of local policies regarding youth access to tobacco can affect adolescent smoking.
A randomized community trial was conducted in 14 Minnesota communities. Seven intervention communities participated in a 32-month community-organizing effort to mobilize citizens and activate the community. The goal was to change ordinances, merchant policies and practices, and enforcement practices to reduce youth access to tobacco. Outcome measures were derived from surveys of students before and after the intervention and from tobacco purchase attempts in all retail outlets in the communities. Data analyses used mixed-model regression to account for the clustering within communities and to adjust for covariates.
Each intervention community passed a comprehensive youth access ordinance. Intervention communities showed less pronounced increases in adolescent daily smoking relative to control communities. Tobacco purchase success declined somewhat more in intervention than control communities during the study period, but this difference was not statistically significant.
This study provides compelling evidence that policies designed to reduce youth access to tobacco can have a significant effect on adolescent smoking rates.
本研究检验了这样一个假设，即关于青少年获取烟草的地方政策的采用和实施会影响青少年吸烟情况。
在明尼苏达州的14个社区进行了一项随机社区试验。7个干预社区参与了为期32个月的社区组织工作，以动员公民并激活社区。目标是改变条例、商家政策和做法以及执法措施，以减少青少年获取烟草的机会。结果指标来自干预前后对学生的调查以及社区内所有零售店的烟草购买尝试。数据分析使用混合模型回归来考虑社区内的聚类情况并对协变量进行调整。
每个干预社区都通过了一项全面的青少年获取烟草条例。与对照社区相比，干预社区青少年每日吸烟量的增长不太明显。在研究期间，干预社区的烟草购买成功率下降幅度比对照社区略大，但这种差异没有统计学意义。
本研究提供了令人信服的证据，表明旨在减少青少年获取烟草机会的政策可对青少年吸烟率产生重大影响。
