Stock Ingo, Rahman Motiur, Sherwood Kimberley Jane, Wiedemann Bernd
Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Institute of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany.
Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2005 Mar;51(3):151-63. doi: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2004.10.008.
Bangladeshi diarrheagenic Hafnia alvei-like strains have been described recently as the new species Escherichia albertii (Int J Syst Evolut Microbiol. 2003;53:807-810). The natural susceptibility of 21 E. albertii and 76 H. alvei strains to 69 antimicrobial agents was examined, applying a microdilution procedure in IsoSensitest broth (for all the strains) and cation-adjusted Mueller-Hinton broth (for some strains). Examining the phenotypic features of both taxa with commercial identification systems and conventional tests, a database for an accurate biochemical separation of E. albertii from H. alvei was also established. Both taxa were naturally sensitive or sensitive and of intermediate susceptibility to aminoglycosides, acylureidopenicillins, ticarcillin, several cephalosporins, carbapenems, aztreonam, quinolones, folate pathway inhibitors, and nitrofurantoin. They were naturally resistant to tetracycline, penicillin G, oxacillin, all macrolides except for azithromycin, lincosamides, streptogramins, glycopeptides, rifampicin, and fusidic acid. Taxon-related differences in natural susceptibility affecting clinical assessment criteria were seen with doxycycline, minocycline, aminopenicillins, some cephalosporins, azithromycin, and fosfomycin. E. albertii was more susceptible than H. alvei to these agents and was naturally sensitive to all beta-lactams (except for penicillin G and oxacillin), azithromycin, and fosfomycin. H. alvei was naturally resistant or of intermediate susceptibility to all tetracyclines, amoxicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanate, ampicillin-sulbactam, narrow-spectrum cephalosporins, azithromycin, and fosfomycin. Motile malonate-negative Hafnia strains (indicating genospecies 2 of the H. alvei complex) were less susceptible to some cephalosporins than nonmotile, malonate-positive hafniae (indicating genospecies 1). Proline deaminase, hydroxyproline amidase, tripeptidase, chitinase, Voges-Proskauer reaction, and assimilation of histidine as well as acid production from glycerol, rhamnose, and xylose were suitable tests to separate strains of E. albertii from those of the H. alvei complex. Although out of the scope of this study, it should be noted that several strains of E. albertii showed acquired resistances to some penicillins and antifolates.
孟加拉国产致泻性类蜂房哈夫尼亚菌菌株最近被描述为新物种阿尔伯特埃希氏菌（《国际系统与进化微生物学杂志》。2003年；53:807 - 810）。采用微量稀释法，在异感测肉汤（用于所有菌株）和阳离子调节的穆勒 - 欣顿肉汤（用于部分菌株）中检测了21株阿尔伯特埃希氏菌和76株蜂房哈夫尼亚菌菌株对69种抗菌剂的天然敏感性。通过商业鉴定系统和传统试验检查这两个分类单元的表型特征，还建立了一个用于从蜂房哈夫尼亚菌中准确生化分离阿尔伯特埃希氏菌的数据库。这两个分类单元对氨基糖苷类、酰脲基青霉素、替卡西林、几种头孢菌素、碳青霉烯类、氨曲南、喹诺酮类、叶酸途径抑制剂和呋喃妥因天然敏感或敏感且呈中度敏感。它们对四环素、青霉素G、苯唑西林、除阿奇霉素外的所有大环内酯类、林可酰胺类、链阳菌素类、糖肽类、利福平及夫西地酸天然耐药。在强力霉素、米诺环素、氨基青霉素、部分头孢菌素、阿奇霉素和磷霉素方面，观察到了影响临床评估标准的天然敏感性方面与分类单元相关的差异。阿尔伯特埃希氏菌比蜂房哈夫尼亚菌对这些药物更敏感，且对所有β - 内酰胺类（除青霉素G和苯唑西林外）、阿奇霉素和磷霉素天然敏感。蜂房哈夫尼亚菌对所有四环素类、阿莫西林、阿莫西林 - 克拉维酸、氨苄西林 - 舒巴坦、窄谱头孢菌素、阿奇霉素和磷霉素天然耐药或呈中度敏感。运动性丙二酸盐阴性的哈夫尼亚菌菌株（表明为蜂房哈夫尼亚菌复合体的基因种2）比不运动的、丙二酸盐阳性的哈夫尼亚菌（表明为基因种1）对某些头孢菌素的敏感性更低。脯氨酸脱氨酶、羟脯氨酸酰胺酶、三肽酶、几丁质酶、Voges - Proskauer反应、组氨酸同化以及甘油、鼠李糖和木糖产酸是从蜂房哈夫尼亚菌复合体中分离阿尔伯特埃希氏菌菌株的合适试验。尽管超出了本研究范围，但应注意到几株阿尔伯特埃希氏菌菌株对某些青霉素和抗叶酸剂表现出获得性耐药。
