Fluhr J W, Kelterer D, Fuchs S, Kaatz M, Grieshaber R, Kleesz P, Elsner P
Skin Physiology Laboratory, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Friedrich Schiller University, Erfurter Strasse 35, DE-07740 Jena, Germany.
Skin Pharmacol Physiol. 2005 Mar-Apr;18(2):88-97. doi: 10.1159/000083709.
Biogenic amines are potential irritants e.g. in fish-, meat-, milk- and egg-processing professions like cooks, butchers and bakers. The aim of this study was to test the irritative and barrier-disrupting properties of the biogenic amines ammonium hydroxide (AM), dimethylamine (DMA) and trimethylamine (TMA). A repeated sequential irritation of 30 min twice per day was performed over a total of 4 days (tandem repeated irritation test) on the back of 20 healthy volunteers of both sexes with AM, DMA, TMA and sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS). The epidermal barrier function was assessed with a Tewameter TM 210, stratum corneum surface pH was measured with a Skin-pH-Meter 900, inflammation was assessed with a Chromameter CR-300 on the a* axis for redness and a visual score was recorded. All tested biogenic amines (AM, DMA and TMA) induced a barrier disruption and a pH increase paralleled with a 1-day-delayed onset of inflammatory signs. These effects were further enhanced and accelerated by a sequential application of SLS together with the biogenic amines, and inflammation occurred earlier than with the single compounds. Acetic acid (AA) in contrast did only show mild barrier disruption and no significant inflammatory signs. Our system allowed a ranking of the different compounds in their irritative potential in the tandem irritation with SLS: SLS > NaOH > TMA > AA > AM > DMA. The results are suggestive that in the food-processing industry the simultaneous contact with biogenic amines and harmful detergents like SLS should be minimized.
生物胺是潜在的刺激物，例如在鱼类、肉类、牛奶和蛋类加工行业中，如厨师、屠夫和面包师等职业中会接触到。本研究的目的是测试生物胺氢氧化铵（AM）、二甲胺（DMA）和三甲胺（TMA）的刺激性和破坏屏障的特性。对20名男女健康志愿者的背部，每天两次，每次30分钟，连续4天进行重复顺序刺激（串联重复刺激试验），刺激物为AM、DMA、TMA和十二烷基硫酸钠（SLS）。用Tewameter TM 210评估表皮屏障功能，用Skin-pH-Meter 900测量角质层表面pH值，用Chromameter CR-300在a*轴上评估炎症程度以检测发红情况，并记录视觉评分。所有测试的生物胺（AM、DMA和TMA）均导致屏障破坏和pH值升高，同时伴有炎症体征延迟1天出现。SLS与生物胺顺序联合应用进一步增强并加速了这些效应，且炎症比单独使用单一化合物时出现得更早。相比之下，乙酸（AA）仅表现出轻微的屏障破坏，且无明显炎症体征。我们的系统能够对不同化合物在与SLS串联刺激中的刺激潜力进行排序：SLS > NaOH > TMA > AA > AM > DMA。结果表明，在食品加工行业中，应尽量减少生物胺与SLS等有害洗涤剂的同时接触。
