Herrera L, D'Andrea P S, Xavier S C C, Mangia R H, Fernandes O, Jansen A M
Laboratory of Trypanosomatid Biology, Department of Protozoology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Av. Brasil 4365, Manguinhos, RJ, Brazil.
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2005 May;99(5):379-88. doi: 10.1016/j.trstmh.2004.07.006.
We studied the prevalence of Trypanosoma cruzi infection among eight species of wild small mammals (n=289) in an area where human cases of infection/disease have occurred. Dogs (n=52) and goats (n=56) were also surveyed. The study was carried out inside a biological reserve, the National Park 'Serra da Capivara' and its surroundings in Piaui State, Brazil. The marsupial Didelphis albiventris and the caviomorph rodent Trichomys apereoides were found to be the most important reservoirs in the study area. Trichomys apereoides was the most abundant species (80%) and D. albiventris the most frequently infected (61%). Both T. cruzi I and T. cruzi II genotypes were isolated from these species. One specimen of Tr. apereoides displayed a mixed T. cruzi I/zymodeme 3 infection. Serum prevalence among dogs suggests that they may be involved in the maintenance of the parasite in the peridomestic environment, in contrast to goats, which are not apparently of any epidemiological importance. The distinct distribution and patterns of infection observed in the study areas suggest that even in the same biome, epidemiological studies or determination of control measures must take into account ecological peculiarities.
我们研究了在一个曾出现人类感染/疾病病例的地区，8种野生小型哺乳动物（n = 289）中克氏锥虫感染的流行情况。还对狗（n = 52）和山羊（n = 56）进行了调查。该研究在巴西皮奥伊州的一个生物保护区——卡皮瓦拉山国家公园及其周边地区进行。在研究区域内，发现有袋动物白腹袋鼩和豚鼠形啮齿动物阿氏刚毛囊鼠是最重要的储存宿主。阿氏刚毛囊鼠是数量最多的物种（80%），白腹袋鼩是感染最频繁的（61%）。从这些物种中分离出了克氏锥虫I型和克氏锥虫II型基因型。一只阿氏刚毛囊鼠标本显示出克氏锥虫I型/酶型3混合感染。狗的血清流行率表明，与山羊不同，它们可能参与了寄生虫在家庭周边环境中的维持，而山羊显然没有任何流行病学重要性。在研究区域观察到的不同分布和感染模式表明，即使在同一生物群落中，流行病学研究或控制措施的确定也必须考虑生态特性。
