Hallman E M
Cornell University Agricultural Health and Safety Program, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA.
J Agric Saf Health. 2005 Feb;11(1):75-84. doi: 10.13031/2013.17898.
Tractor overturns are the leading cause of all tractor- and machinery-related fatalities in the agricultural industry. A rollover protective structure (ROPS) on a tractor is the most effective mechanism for protecting a tractor operator's life during a tractor overturn incident. Unfortunately, about half of all tractors presently in operation in the U.S. do not have a ROPS. Retrofitting such tractors with ROPS could result in an as much as a 99% reduction in fatalities associated with tractor overturns. The overall aim of this study was to determine the level of financial incentive required to motivate the maximum number of farmers to install ROPS on non-ROPS equipped tractors and thus affect the greatest level of change within the farming community. This was done by offering a range of subsidy levels by percentage and not by specific dollar amounts to a random sampling of New York farms. A secondary goal was to find any hidden problems associated with retrofitting. Study results showed that cost was not the only factor affecting farmers' reluctance to retrofit. A perceived and actual "hassle factor" was found to be endemic to the retrofitting process and a significant obstacle to farmers' willingness to retrofit, no matter the level of financial subsidy.
拖拉机翻车是农业行业中所有与拖拉机和机械相关的死亡事故的主要原因。拖拉机上的翻车保护结构（ROPS）是在拖拉机翻车事故中保护拖拉机操作员生命的最有效机制。不幸的是，目前在美国运行的所有拖拉机中，约有一半没有ROPS。为这些拖拉机加装ROPS可使与拖拉机翻车相关的死亡人数减少多达99%。本研究的总体目标是确定需要何种程度的经济激励措施，以促使尽可能多的农民为未配备ROPS的拖拉机安装ROPS，从而在农业社区内实现最大程度的改变。这是通过向纽约农场的随机样本提供一系列按百分比而非具体美元金额计算的补贴水平来实现的。第二个目标是找出与加装相关的任何潜在问题。研究结果表明，成本并非影响农民不愿进行加装的唯一因素。人们发现，无论是实际存在的还是感觉到的“麻烦因素”在加装过程中普遍存在，并且是阻碍农民加装意愿的一个重要障碍，无论经济补贴水平如何。
