Yao Dezhong, Wang Li, Oostenveld Robert, Nielsen Kim Dremstrup, Arendt-Nielsen Lars, Chen Andrew C N
Human Brain Mapping and Cortical Imaging Laboratory, Centre for Sensory Motor Interaction, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7D3, Aalborg 9220, Denmark.
Physiol Meas. 2005 Jun;26(3):173-84. doi: 10.1088/0967-3334/26/3/003. Epub 2005 Feb 9.
Based on EEG data recorded from 11 subjects with eyes open and the left mastoid (M) reference, three data sets were generated by re-referencing to the conventional linked mastoids (L), average (A) and the new 'infinity' (I) reference provided by the reference electrode standardization technique (REST, Yao 2001 Physiol. Meas. 22 693-711). The EEG power in the alpha frequency band with the four different references was calculated and compared with respect to the total energy and spatial amplitude weight centre (AWC) coordinates, to compare the effects of different references on power mapping in the frequency domain. Compared with the I reference, the AWCs of the EEG with the M reference show significant shifts to the right, frontal and superficial positions, the L reference significant shifts to frontal and superficial positions, and the A reference shifts the AWC significantly to a deeper position. Furthermore, the power maps of the M and L references have larger total power than the I reference, while that of the A reference has the smallest total power. These results confirm that different choices of reference electrodes result in systematic changes in the distribution of EEG frequency power, and in order to reduce the effect of such systematic shifts on the explanation of EEG mappings, a common reference is necessary for EEG research. We recommend the I reference for objective use in cross-laboratory studies and clinical practices, as it is far from all the other electrodes and can act as a neutral reference.
基于11名受试者睁眼时以左侧乳突（M）为参考记录的脑电图（EEG）数据，通过重新参考常规的双侧乳突（L）、平均（A）以及参考电极标准化技术（REST，Yao 2001 Physiol. Meas. 22 693 - 711）提供的新“无穷大”（I）参考，生成了三个数据集。计算了四种不同参考下α频段的EEG功率，并就总能量和空间幅度重心（AWC）坐标进行比较，以比较不同参考对频域功率映射的影响。与I参考相比，以M为参考的EEG的AWC显著向右、向前和浅表位置偏移，以L为参考时显著向额部和浅表位置偏移，以A为参考时AWC显著向更深位置偏移。此外，M和L参考的功率图总功率比I参考大，而A参考的总功率最小。这些结果证实，参考电极的不同选择会导致EEG频率功率分布的系统性变化，为减少这种系统性偏移对EEG映射解释的影响，EEG研究需要一个共同的参考。我们推荐在跨实验室研究和临床实践中客观使用I参考，因为它远离所有其他电极，可作为一个中性参考。
