Sarkisian Catherine A, Steers W Neil, Hays Ron D, Mangione Carol M
Division of Geriatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1687, USA.
Gerontologist. 2005 Apr;45(2):240-8. doi: 10.1093/geront/45.2.240.
This study describes the development of a short version of the Expectations Regarding Aging Survey (ERA-38), a 38-item survey measuring expectations regarding aging.
In 1999, surveys containing the ERA-38 were mailed to 588 adults aged > or = 65 years who were recruited through physicians; 429 individuals (73%) returned completed surveys. The mean age of participants was 77 years; 76% were White. In 2001, we surveyed 643 adults aged > or = 65 years recruited at 14 senior centers. The mean age of participants was 78 years; 37% were Latino and 16% were African American. With the 1999 data, we selected items for the shorter version of the ERA-38 by using qualitative criteria and by evaluating the items' factor structure, internal consistency reliability of scales, and correlations with age and self-reported measures of health. Then, using the 2001 data, we evaluated the selected items with confirmatory factor analysis, and we reevaluated the internal consistency reliability and associations of the scales with age and self-reported measures of health.
The factor analyses of the ERA-12 on both samples provided support for three 4-item scales (expectations regarding physical health, expectations regarding mental health, and expectations regarding cognitive function), and one global expectations regarding aging scale combining all 12 items. In both samples, internal consistency reliability estimates for all scales exceeded 0.74, and the 12 items together explained over 88% of the variance in the ERA-38 total score. We found comparable associations of the ERA-12 scales with age and self-reported health measures in both samples.
The ERA-12 demonstrated acceptable reliability and validity to estimate expectations regarding aging.
本研究描述了《衰老期望调查简版》（ERA - 38）的编制过程，ERA - 38是一项包含38个项目的调查，用于测量对衰老的期望。
1999年，将包含ERA - 38的调查问卷邮寄给通过医生招募的588名年龄≥65岁的成年人；429人（73%）返回了完整的调查问卷。参与者的平均年龄为77岁；76%为白人。2001年，我们对在14个老年中心招募的643名年龄≥65岁的成年人进行了调查。参与者的平均年龄为78岁；37%为拉丁裔，16%为非裔美国人。利用1999年的数据，我们通过定性标准以及评估项目的因子结构、量表的内部一致性信度以及与年龄和自我报告健康指标的相关性，为ERA - 38的简版选择项目。然后，利用2001年的数据，我们通过验证性因子分析对所选项目进行评估，并重新评估量表的内部一致性信度以及与年龄和自我报告健康指标的相关性。
两个样本中ERA - 12的因子分析都支持三个包含4个项目的量表（对身体健康的期望、对心理健康的期望和对认知功能的期望），以及一个将所有12个项目合并的关于衰老的总体期望量表。在两个样本中，所有量表的内部一致性信度估计值均超过0.74，12个项目共同解释了ERA - 38总分中超过88%的方差。我们在两个样本中都发现ERA - 12量表与年龄和自我报告健康指标之间具有可比的相关性。
ERA - 12在估计对衰老的期望方面表现出了可接受的信度和效度。
