Mvula Mosanda, Larzelere Michele, Kraus Marjorie, Moisiewicz Kathleen, Morgan Connie, Pierce Stephanie, Post Robert, Nash Theresa, Moore Cleveland
Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy/lmmunology, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA.
J Asthma. 2005 Feb;42(1):9-16. doi: 10.1081/jas-200044746.
This study investigates the prevalence of asthma and asthma-related symptoms in New Orleans inner-city schoolchildren. A cross-sectional survey of 1535 elementary, middle, and high school children (aged 5-18) was conducted by using the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) written questionnaire. Lifetime prevalence of wheezing was 39.4%, and lifetime prevalence of asthma was 24.4%. Wheezing during the previous 12 months was reported by 25.7% of the sample. Twenty-one percent of respondents reported having one or more attacks of wheezing per year, with 5.6% reporting four or more attacks per year. Many participants reported sleep disturbance (15.4%), with 6.2% reporting sleep disturbance more than once a week. The 12-month rate of speech limitation due to asthma exacerbation was 6.6%. Exercise-induced asthma was reported by 16.9% of the students, and nocturnal cough (not associated with cold) was reported by 27.3%. Overall, boys reported higher rates of symptoms than girls, and younger children (aged 6-7) reported greater symptoms than older children (aged 13-14). These findings show that prevalence of asthma in this population is elevated, and the ISAAC written questionnaire successfully identified inner-city children at risk for asthma in New Orleans.
本研究调查了新奥尔良市中心城区学童哮喘及哮喘相关症状的患病率。采用儿童哮喘和过敏国际研究（ISAAC）书面问卷，对1535名小学、初中和高中儿童（5 - 18岁）进行了横断面调查。喘息的终生患病率为39.4%，哮喘的终生患病率为24.4%。25.7%的样本报告在过去12个月内有喘息症状。21%的受访者报告每年有一次或多次喘息发作，5.6%的受访者报告每年有四次或更多次发作。许多参与者报告有睡眠障碍（15.4%），6.2%的人报告每周睡眠障碍不止一次。因哮喘加重导致言语受限的12个月患病率为6.6%。16.9%的学生报告有运动诱发性哮喘，27.3%的人报告有夜间咳嗽（与感冒无关）。总体而言，男孩报告的症状发生率高于女孩，年龄较小的儿童（6 - 7岁）报告的症状比年龄较大的儿童（13 - 14岁）更严重。这些结果表明，该人群中哮喘的患病率有所升高，且ISAAC书面问卷成功识别出了新奥尔良市中心城区有哮喘风险的儿童。
