Zobeiri Mehdi
Department of Internal Medicine, Imam Reza Hospital, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
Acta Med Iran. 2011;49(3):184-8.
Asthma is the most common chronic disorder of school-age children and youth, with rising prevalence in all over the world. By attention to the geographic area there is considerable difference in the prevalence of asthma. The International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC), was founded to maximize the value of epidemiological research into asthma and allergic disease by establishing a standardized methodology and facilitating international collaboration. To determine the prevalence of asthma and related symptoms in Kermanshah (a city in west of IRAN) schoolchildren and also identifying the related variables that increased asthma risk using the ISAAC protocols. This descriptive analytic study was done by the ISAAC written questionnaire and additional questions about family number, demographic and socio-economic characteristics of two groups of first and second grade of primary and guidance schools (6-7 y, 13-14 y). Suggested sample size were applied and selected randomly. Results were analyzed by SPSS soft ware by 95% confidence interval. The ISAAC-written questionnaire was completed by a total of 6236 (48.7% were 6-7 and 51/3% were 13-14 years old) schoolchildren. 50.4% of students were girls and 49/6% were boys. The prevalence of diseases and symptoms were as follows: 20.6% had ever wheezing (27.4% in 13-14 years old and 13.4% in 6-7 years old children and it was 21.6% in girls and 19.5% in boys). Among which the estimated mean national 12-month prevalence of wheeze (current wheeze), speech limiting wheeze , exercise wheeze, night cough and physician diagnosed asthma (ever asthma) were respectively 30.1%, 5.4%, 9.4%, 7.3% and 3.3% for the 6-7 year age group and 44.2%, 13.5%, 28.9% , 17.4% and 2.1% for the 13-14 year age group. Current wheeze was higher in Childs and adolescents with family history of smoking and in higher family number. Comparing with regional study the results of this epidemiological survey of asthma in Kermanshah indicate that asthma is more common here, more prevalent in girls than boys and is higher in 13-14 years old than 6-7 years old but sever asthma is much less common. The results may be due to better diagnosis and better control of disease.
哮喘是学龄儿童和青少年中最常见的慢性疾病，在全球范围内患病率呈上升趋势。关注地理区域会发现哮喘患病率存在显著差异。儿童哮喘和过敏国际研究（ISAAC）旨在通过建立标准化方法并促进国际合作，最大限度地提高哮喘和过敏性疾病流行病学研究的价值。为了确定克尔曼沙赫（伊朗西部的一个城市）学童中哮喘及相关症状的患病率，并使用ISAAC方案确定增加哮喘风险的相关变量。这项描述性分析研究采用ISAAC书面问卷以及关于两组小学和指导学校一、二年级（6 - 7岁、13 - 14岁）家庭人数、人口统计学和社会经济特征的附加问题进行。应用建议的样本量并随机选取。结果通过SPSS软件以95%置信区间进行分析。共有6236名学童（48.7%为6 - 7岁，51.3%为13 - 14岁）完成了ISAAC书面问卷。50.4%的学生为女生，49.6%为男生。疾病和症状的患病率如下：曾有喘息的占20.6%（13 - 14岁儿童中为27.4%，6 - 7岁儿童中为13.4%；女生为21.6%，男生为19.5%）。其中，6 - 7岁年龄组12个月内喘息（当前喘息）、言语受限性喘息、运动性喘息、夜间咳嗽和医生诊断哮喘（曾患哮喘）的估计全国患病率分别为30.1%、5.4%、9.4%、7.3%和3.3%，13 - 14岁年龄组分别为44.2%、13.5%、28.9%、17.4%和2.1%。有吸烟家族史的儿童和青少年以及家庭人数较多者当前喘息发生率更高。与区域研究相比，克尔曼沙赫哮喘的这项流行病学调查结果表明，哮喘在此处更为常见，女生患病率高于男生，13 - 14岁高于6 - 7岁，但重度哮喘则少见得多。结果可能归因于疾病诊断和控制情况更好。
