Stewart Sunita Mahtani, Kennard Betsy D, Lee Peter W H, Mayes Taryn, Hughes Carroll, Emslie Graham
Psychiatry Department, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, TX 75390-8589, USA.
J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2005 Apr;46(4):364-72. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2004.00364.x.
This study examines the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations among cognitive variables, depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation in Hong Kong Chinese and Caucasian American adolescents.
Community adolescents (n = 2,044) ages 14-18 years from Hong Kong and the United States provided information regarding their suicidal ideation, depressive symptoms, and cognitions (self-efficacy, cognitive errors and hopelessness), at two surveys, six months apart.
Self-efficacy was a weak unique predictor of suicidal ideation in both cultures. Hopelessness was the strongest of cognitive variables in concurrent associations with suicidal ideation in bivariate and multivariate models, in both cultures, and in both boys and girls. Hopelessness continued to offer unique prediction when depressive symptoms were controlled, both concurrently and prospectively.
Our results support hopelessness theories of suicidal ideation and behavior in Hong Kong, and extend the cognitive theory of suicidality to a modernized Asian culture.
本研究考察了中国香港和美国白种青少年认知变量、抑郁症状与自杀意念之间的横断面及纵向关联。
来自中国香港和美国的14至18岁社区青少年（n = 2044）在两次间隔六个月的调查中提供了有关其自杀意念、抑郁症状及认知（自我效能感、认知错误和绝望感）的信息。
在两种文化中，自我效能感都是自杀意念的一个较弱的独特预测因素。在双变量和多变量模型中，绝望感是与自杀意念同时存在的关联中最强的认知变量，在两种文化中以及在男孩和女孩中均如此。当同时和前瞻性地控制抑郁症状时，绝望感继续提供独特的预测作用。
我们的结果支持香港自杀意念和行为的绝望感理论，并将自杀认知理论扩展到现代化的亚洲文化中。
