Mattar Andrew A G, Gribble Paul L
Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario, London Ontario, Canada N6A 5C2.
Neuron. 2005 Apr 7;46(1):153-60. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2005.02.009.
Learning complex motor behaviors like riding a bicycle or swinging a golf club is based on acquiring neural representations of the mechanical requirements of movement (e.g., coordinating muscle forces to control the club). Here we provide evidence that mechanisms matching observation and action facilitate motor learning. Subjects who observed a video depicting another person learning to reach in a novel mechanical environment (imposed by a robot arm) performed better when later tested in the same environment than subjects who observed similar movements but no learning; moreover, subjects who observed learning of a different environment performed worse. We show that this effect is not based on conscious strategies but instead depends on the implicit engagement of neural systems for movement planning and control.
学习诸如骑自行车或挥动高尔夫球杆这样复杂的运动行为，是基于获取运动机械要求的神经表征（例如，协调肌肉力量以控制球杆）。在这里，我们提供证据表明，匹配观察与行动的机制有助于运动学习。观察视频中另一个人在由机器人手臂施加的新机械环境中学习伸手动作的受试者，在随后于相同环境中进行测试时，比观察类似动作但未观察到学习过程的受试者表现更好；此外，观察在不同环境中学习的受试者表现更差。我们表明，这种效应并非基于有意识的策略，而是依赖于用于运动规划和控制的神经系统的隐性参与。
