Sarkisian Catherine A, Brusuelas Rebecca J, Steers W Neil, Davidson Mayer B, Brown Arleen F, Norris Keith C, Anderson Robert M, Mangione Carol M
Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095-1687, USA.
Ethn Dis. 2005 Spring;15(2):283-91.
To make cultural and age-specific modifications to a self-care empowerment intervention.
Focus groups with self-administered surveys.
Two public health diabetes and geriatrics clinic and two senior centers in and around South Los Angeles.
African Americans and Latinos aged > or = 55 years with diabetes (N=79), and two groups of health educators (N=16).
After describing the proposed intervention, the focus group facilitators asked participants: 1) whether the community of interest would be interested in the proposed empowerment intervention; 2) why or why not; and 3) how the intervention could be modified to better address the concerns of the study community of interest. All groups were audiotaped, transcribed, and (when appropriate) translated into English. Three independent investigators read all transcripts and completed standardized coding forms for each transcript. In addition, at the end of each focus group, all participants completed a self-administered written survey asking them to rate aspects of the proposed intervention.
Older African Americans and Latinos endorsed the intervention but desired an expanded dietary educational component and identified disability as an important missing content area. Participants rejected the use of an audio learning tool and did not believe that matching group-facilitator sociodemographic characteristics was important as long as facilitators demonstrated cultural competency.
These findings illustrate a model of participatory research in which researchers and community members work together to develop an empowerment intervention that will meet community needs and will have greater cultural appropriateness. Modifying the intervention in accordance with these findings should enhance the relevance and impact of the self-care intervention.
针对自我护理赋权干预措施进行文化和年龄特异性调整。
采用自我管理调查问卷的焦点小组。
洛杉矶南部及其周边地区的两家公共卫生糖尿病和老年病诊所以及两家老年中心。
年龄≥55岁的非裔美国人和拉丁裔糖尿病患者（N = 79），以及两组健康教育工作者（N = 16）。
在描述拟议的干预措施后，焦点小组主持人询问参与者：1）目标社区是否会对拟议的赋权干预措施感兴趣；2）原因或不感兴趣的原因；3）如何修改干预措施以更好地解决目标研究社区的关切。所有小组均进行了录音、转录，并（在适当情况下）翻译成英文。三名独立研究人员阅读了所有转录本，并为每个转录本填写了标准化编码表格。此外，在每个焦点小组结束时，所有参与者都完成了一份自我管理的书面调查问卷，要求他们对拟议干预措施的各个方面进行评分。
年长的非裔美国人和拉丁裔认可该干预措施，但希望扩大饮食教育内容，并指出残疾是一个重要的缺失内容领域。参与者拒绝使用音频学习工具，并且认为只要主持人具备文化能力，匹配主持人的社会人口统计学特征并不重要。
这些发现说明了一种参与式研究模式，即研究人员和社区成员共同努力开发一种赋权干预措施，以满足社区需求并具有更高的文化适宜性。根据这些发现对干预措施进行修改应能提高自我护理干预措施的相关性和影响力。
