Lara-Villoslada F, Olivares M, Xaus J
Department of Immunology and Animal Sciences, Puleva Biotech SA, Granada, Spain.
J Dairy Sci. 2005 May;88(5):1654-60. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(05)72837-X.
Cow's milk allergy is quite common in the first years of human life. Protein composition plays an important role in this pathology, particularly the casein/whey protein ratio. It is known that milks from different species have different sensitization capacities although their protein sources are quite similar. Thus, the objective of this work was to compare the allergenicity of native cow's milk and milk with a modified ratio of casein and whey proteins in a murine model of atopy. Twenty-four Balb/c mice were orally sensitized to native cow's milk or modified cow's milk with a casein/whey protein ratio of 40:60. During the sensitization period, the number of mice suffering from diarrhea was significantly higher in the native cow's milk-sensitized group than in the modified milk-sensitized group. Once mice were killed, plasma histamine levels were shown to be significantly higher in native cow's milk-sensitized mice. In addition, cow's milk proteins induced a higher lymphocyte sensitization in the native milk-sensitized mice, with a significant increase in the specific proliferation ratio of these cells. These results suggest that the balance between caseins and whey proteins plays an important role in the sensitization capacity of cow's milk, and its modification might be a way to reduce the allergenicity of cow's milk.
牛奶过敏在人类生命的最初几年相当常见。蛋白质组成在这种病理状况中起着重要作用，尤其是酪蛋白/乳清蛋白的比例。众所周知，尽管不同物种的牛奶蛋白质来源颇为相似，但它们的致敏能力却有所不同。因此，本研究的目的是在特应性小鼠模型中比较天然牛奶与酪蛋白和乳清蛋白比例经过调整的牛奶的致敏性。将24只Balb/c小鼠经口致敏于天然牛奶或酪蛋白/乳清蛋白比例为40:60的改良牛奶。在致敏期间，天然牛奶致敏组出现腹泻的小鼠数量显著高于改良牛奶致敏组。处死小鼠后，发现天然牛奶致敏小鼠的血浆组胺水平显著更高。此外，牛奶蛋白在天然牛奶致敏小鼠中诱导了更高的淋巴细胞致敏，这些细胞的特异性增殖率显著增加。这些结果表明，酪蛋白和乳清蛋白之间的平衡在牛奶的致敏能力中起着重要作用，对其进行调整可能是降低牛奶致敏性的一种方法。
