Ma Grace X, Shive Steven E, Tan Yin, Toubbeh Jamil I, Fang Carolyn Y, Edwards Rosita L
Department of Public Health, College of Health Professions, Temple University, 304A Vivacqua Hall, P.O. Box 2843, Philadelphia, PA 19122-0843, USA.
Addict Behav. 2005 May;30(4):725-40. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2004.08.018.
The present study examined tobacco use, secondhand smoke exposure and related knowledge, attitudes and behaviors among Asian Americans in the Delaware Valley of Pennsylvania and New Jersey, and the relationship between acculturation and smoking, social influence patterns on smoking, and stages of change of smoking among Asian subgroups. Study sample was 1174 Chinese, Koreans, Vietnamese, Cambodians, and other Asians. Findings revealed mean age of initiation to be 18.3, 40% ever and 30% current users. Significant differences were reflected in smoking by gender, ethnicity, educational level, marital and employment status. While knowledge and attitudes about smoking and secondhand smoke were associated with these variables, ethnic pride and smoking status played significant roles. Fathers and brothers had greater social influence on young male smoking behavior; smoking friends had influence on both genders. Stages of change of smoking and acculturation impact on smoking varied with gender, age, and time living in the U.S. Findings provide comprehensive insights into tobacco use and related KAB among Asian Americans that reflect the need for developing culturally appropriate programs for this underserved population.
本研究调查了宾夕法尼亚州特拉华谷和新泽西州亚裔美国人的烟草使用情况、二手烟暴露以及相关知识、态度和行为，以及文化适应与吸烟之间的关系、吸烟的社会影响模式，还有亚洲各亚组吸烟行为的改变阶段。研究样本包括1174名中国人、韩国人、越南人、柬埔寨人和其他亚洲人。研究结果显示，开始吸烟的平均年龄为18.3岁，40%的人曾经吸烟，30%的人目前仍在吸烟。吸烟情况在性别、种族、教育程度、婚姻和就业状况方面存在显著差异。虽然对吸烟和二手烟的知识及态度与这些变量有关，但民族自豪感和吸烟状况也发挥了重要作用。父亲和兄弟对年轻男性吸烟行为的社会影响更大；吸烟的朋友对男女两性都有影响。吸烟行为的改变阶段和文化适应对吸烟的影响因性别、年龄和在美国居住的时间而异。研究结果为亚裔美国人的烟草使用及相关的知识、态度和行为提供了全面的见解，反映出有必要为这一服务不足的人群制定适合其文化的项目。
