Ma Grace X, Shive Steven E, Tan Yin, Thomas Priya, Man Vung L
Center for Asian Health, Department of Public Health, Temple University, 304A Vivaqua Hall, Philadelphia, PA 19122-0843, USA.
J Adolesc Health. 2004 Sep;35(3):206-16. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2003.09.013.
To identify potential cultural factors to enhance the efficacy of smoking cessation curricula for Asian-American adolescents, Chinese-Americans, and to present the process and challenges of implementing a culturally specific curriculum.
Chinese-American male (n = 17) youth smokers, aged 14-19 years, were recruited from community-based Asian-American organizations in the Delaware Valley Region of Pennsylvania and New Jersey. A 36-item questionnaire was developed to measure smoking behavior, attitudes, and culturally related factors. Focus groups were conducted. Cultural themes were addressed, such as interdependency and collective orientation of the Asian culture, importance of harmony in Asian families, and culturally related factors for smoking initiation and maintenance. A pre-post quasi-experimental research design was used. Data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test to determine differences in the intervention and control groups in smoking behavior and the Chi-square test for differences in program characteristics.
Participants almost never read their native language, they disagreed that their friends would accept them more if they were nonsmokers, and they thought they smoked because of high parental expectations. Asian teens perceived that a high percentage of their Asian-American peers smoke. The most important facilitator characteristics, program processes, relevant cultural factors and topics were identified for the program. Two groups were compared, a standard smoking cessation curriculum (SC) and a culturally modified program (ACT) for Asian adolescents. A 23.1% quit rate for the SC program and an 18.2% quit rate for the ACT program at 3-month follow-up was achieved. Among participants who continued to smoke, there was a larger reduction in reported weekend and weekday cigarette use among ACT participants, than the Standard (SC) group. There was a reduction of 6.7 cigarettes on a typical weekday and 6 cigarettes on a typical weekend day for ongoing smokers of the ACT group.
Given the positive results among a high-risk population, the ACT program needs to be tested among a larger population of Chinese-Americans.
确定潜在的文化因素，以提高针对亚裔美国青少年、华裔美国人的戒烟课程的效果，并介绍实施特定文化课程的过程和挑战。
从宾夕法尼亚州和新泽西州特拉华谷地区的社区亚裔美国组织招募了17名年龄在14至19岁之间的华裔美国男性青少年吸烟者。编制了一份36项问卷，以测量吸烟行为、态度和与文化相关的因素。开展了焦点小组讨论。探讨了文化主题，如亚洲文化的相互依存和集体取向、亚洲家庭中和谐的重要性以及与吸烟开始和维持相关的文化因素。采用前后准实验研究设计。使用曼-惠特尼U检验分析数据，以确定干预组和对照组在吸烟行为方面的差异，并使用卡方检验分析项目特征的差异。
参与者几乎从不阅读母语，他们不同意如果自己不吸烟朋友会更接受他们，并且他们认为自己吸烟是因为父母期望过高。亚洲青少年认为他们的亚裔美国同龄人中有很高比例的人吸烟。确定了该项目最重要的促进因素特征、项目流程、相关文化因素和主题。比较了两组，一组是标准戒烟课程（SC），另一组是针对亚洲青少年的文化改良课程（ACT）。在3个月的随访中，SC课程的戒烟率为23.1%，ACT课程的戒烟率为18.2%。在继续吸烟的参与者中，ACT参与者报告的周末和工作日吸烟量的减少幅度大于标准（SC）组。ACT组持续吸烟者在典型工作日的吸烟量减少了6.7支，在典型周末日减少了6支。
鉴于在高危人群中取得的积极成果，ACT项目需要在更大规模的华裔美国人中进行测试。
