Stroebe Katherine, Lodewijkx Hein F M, Spears Russell
Department of Social and Organizational Psychology, Leiden University, the Netherlands.
Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2005 Jun;31(6):831-45. doi: 10.1177/0146167204271659.
Predictions from the bounded and unbounded reciprocity hypotheses and from social identity theory (SIT) were examined in a minimal group experiment in which ingroup outcome dependence, outgroup outcome dependence, and the strength of social identity were orthogonally manipulated. Both ingroup and outgroup outcome dependence affected reward allocations. Participants made more ingroup-favoring reward allocations across all conditions. The identification manipulation produced hypothesized effects on social identification measures and marginal effects of identification on reward allocations in the no-dependence condition. Support was found for both an unbounded and bounded version of the reciprocity hypothesis and marginal support for a SIT approach to intergroup discrimination. The study highlights insufficiencies of both theoretical approaches and suggests possibilities for integration and elaboration.
在一项最小群体实验中，研究了有限和无限互惠假设以及社会认同理论（SIT）的预测。在该实验中，对内群体结果依赖、外群体结果依赖和社会认同强度进行了正交操纵。内群体和外群体结果依赖都影响奖励分配。在所有条件下，参与者都做出了更多有利于内群体的奖励分配。身份认同操纵对社会认同测量产生了假设效应，并且在无依赖条件下身份认同对奖励分配产生了边际效应。研究发现了互惠假设的无限和有限版本的支持证据，以及对SIT群体间歧视方法的边际支持。该研究强调了这两种理论方法的不足之处，并提出了整合和细化的可能性。
