Berkman Elliot T, Lukinova Evgeniya, Menshikov Ivan, Myagkov Mikhail
Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, United States of America.
Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo, Russian Federation.
PLoS One. 2015 Mar 19;10(3):e0119685. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119685. eCollection 2015.
In the recent literature, several hypotheses have been offered to explain patterns of human behavior in social environments. In particular, these patterns include 'prosocial' ones, such as fairness, cooperation, and collective good provision. Psychologists suggest that these prosocial behaviors are driven not by miscalculations, but by salience of social identity, in-group favoritism, emotion, or evolutionary adaptations. This paper imports psychology scholarship into an economic model and results in a sustainable solution to collective action problems without any external enforcement mechanisms. This natural mechanism of public goods provision is created, analyzed, and observed in a controlled laboratory environment using experimental techniques.
在最近的文献中，人们提出了几种假说，用以解释人类在社会环境中的行为模式。特别是，这些模式包括“亲社会”行为模式，如公平、合作和提供集体利益。心理学家认为，这些亲社会行为并非由错误计算驱动，而是由社会身份的显著性、内群体偏袒、情感或进化适应所驱动。本文将心理学学术成果引入一个经济模型，从而在没有任何外部执行机制的情况下，得出集体行动问题的可持续解决方案。公共物品提供的这种自然机制是在一个可控的实验室环境中，利用实验技术创建、分析并观察到的。
