Burt Keith B, Van Dulmen Manfred H M, Carlivati Jill, Egeland Byron, Sroufe L Alan, Forman David R, Appleyard Karen, Carlson Elizabeth A
University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Institute of Child Development, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2005 May;46(5):490-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2004.00367.x.
Research examining intergenerational transmission of psychopathology is often limited by reliance on the same individuals for information on multiple constructs of interest. To counteract this limitation, data from a prospective, longitudinal study of at-risk youth were analyzed to test the hypothesis that parenting and family environmental factors mediate the association between maternal depressive symptoms and offspring psychopathology in late adolescence.
Data were taken from 184 families of the Minnesota Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. Measures included the CES-D and Beck depression inventories, home environment ratings and a family conflict scale, and CBCL behavior problem checklist and K-SADS psychiatric symptom scores. Regression analyses were conducted to test for mediation of maternal depression effects by family environmental factors.
Analyses using a single informant and time point showed evidence for substantial mediation; however, in analyses spanning independent informants and multiple time points mediating effects were markedly reduced. Sex differences were found, in that parenting and family environmental factors related to psychopathology for males, whereas maternal depression was more directly related to psychopathology for females.
Results emphasize the importance of independent data for testing mediational claims, and support claims that the processes involved in the intergenerational transmission of psychopathology are different for male and female youth.
研究精神病理学的代际传递往往受到限制，因为它依赖于同一批个体来获取关于多个感兴趣构念的信息。为了克服这一限制，对一项针对高危青少年的前瞻性纵向研究的数据进行了分析，以检验以下假设：养育方式和家庭环境因素介导了母亲抑郁症状与青少年晚期后代精神病理学之间的关联。
数据取自明尼苏达亲子纵向研究中的184个家庭。测量指标包括流调中心用抑郁量表（CES-D）和贝克抑郁量表、家庭环境评分和家庭冲突量表，以及儿童行为量表（CBCL）行为问题清单和儿童情感障碍及精神分裂症问卷（K-SADS）精神症状评分。进行回归分析以检验家庭环境因素对母亲抑郁影响的中介作用。
使用单一信息提供者和单个时间点的分析显示出显著中介作用的证据；然而，在跨越独立信息提供者和多个时间点的分析中，中介作用明显减弱。发现了性别差异，即养育方式和家庭环境因素与男性的精神病理学相关，而母亲抑郁与女性的精神病理学更直接相关。
研究结果强调了独立数据对检验中介作用主张的重要性，并支持以下观点：精神病理学代际传递所涉及的过程在男性和女性青少年中有所不同。
