Pereda A J, Greiser-Wilke I, Schmitt B, Rincon M A, Mogollon J D, Sabogal Z Y, Lora A M, Sanguinetti H, Piccone M E
Instituto de Biotecnologia, CICVyA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria, CC25, Castelar 1712, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Virus Res. 2005 Jun;110(1-2):111-8. doi: 10.1016/j.virusres.2005.01.011.
To date, there is little information concerning the epidemiological situation of classical swine fever (CSF) in the Americas. Besides summarizing the available data, genotyping of isolates from outbreaks in domestic pigs in several countries of South and Central America was performed. For this, a 190 base fragment of the E2 envelope glycoprotein gene was used. European strains and isolates, and historical isolates from the United States (US) were included for comparison. In contrast to the situation in most parts of Europe, where group 2 isolates predominate, it was found that all the isolates from the American continent analyzed belonged to group 1 and were further resolved into three subgroups. The Cuban isolates clustered in subgroup 1.2, whereas the isolates from Honduras and Guatemala clustered in subgroup 1.3. The remaining isolates from Argentina, Brazil, Colombia and Mexico generated four poorly resolved clusters in subgroup 1.1, together with the vaccine strains, with historical European and US isolates, and with a recent Russian isolate. While the vaccine strains and the historical European isolates formed a relatively distinct cluster, one of the US isolates clustered together with the Mexican, and another one with Colombian isolates. Historically, CSF (hog cholera) was observed almost simultaneously in the US and in Europe in the first half of the 19th century, and its origin remains a matter of discussion. Our results showed that the US isolates are closely related to isolates from South America, while appearance of isolates in Cuba on one hand and in Honduras and Guatemala on the other hand, seems to have been due to unrelated events. This allows to speculate that at least in the American continent, CSF virus may have appeared independently in several regions, and spreading may have been a secondary effect.
迄今为止，关于美洲猪瘟（CSF）的流行病学情况的信息很少。除了总结现有数据外，还对南美洲和中美洲几个国家家猪疫情分离株进行了基因分型。为此，使用了E2包膜糖蛋白基因的190个碱基片段。纳入了欧洲毒株和分离株以及美国的历史分离株进行比较。与欧洲大部分地区以2型分离株为主的情况不同，发现分析的所有美洲大陆分离株均属于1型，并进一步分为三个亚组。古巴分离株聚集在亚组1.2中，而洪都拉斯和危地马拉的分离株聚集在亚组1.3中。来自阿根廷、巴西、哥伦比亚和墨西哥的其余分离株与疫苗株、欧洲和美国的历史分离株以及一株近期俄罗斯分离株一起，在亚组1.1中形成了四个分辨率较差的聚类。虽然疫苗株和欧洲历史分离株形成了一个相对独特的聚类，但一株美国分离株与墨西哥分离株聚类在一起，另一株与哥伦比亚分离株聚类在一起。历史上，猪瘟（猪霍乱）在19世纪上半叶几乎同时在美国和欧洲被发现，其起源仍然是一个有争议的问题。我们的结果表明，美国分离株与南美洲分离株密切相关，而古巴分离株与洪都拉斯和危地马拉分离株的出现似乎是由不相关的事件导致的。这使得我们可以推测，至少在美洲大陆，猪瘟病毒可能在几个地区独立出现，传播可能是次要影响。
