城市化与健康。
Urbanisation and health.
作者信息
Godfrey Richard, Julien Marlene
机构信息
Merlin, London.
出版信息
Clin Med (Lond). 2005 Mar-Apr;5(2):137-41. doi: 10.7861/clinmedicine.5-2-137.
The effect on health of urbanisation is two-edged. On the one hand, there are the benefits of ready access to healthcare, sanitation, and secure nutrition, whilst on the other there are the evils of overcrowding, pollution, social deprivation, crime, and stress-related illness. In less developed countries, urbanisation also opens the door to 'western' diseases, including hypertension, heart disease, obesity, diabetes and asthma. Here we review some of the health-related aspects of urbanisation, and comment on strategies designed to improve urban health. Because there is such a clear divide between the long process of urbanisation in industrialised western nations and the relatively recent explosive expansion in resource-poor countries, they are discussed separately.
城市化对健康的影响是双重的。一方面，城市化带来了便利，人们能够便捷地获得医疗保健、卫生设施和有保障的营养；而另一方面，城市化也带来了诸多弊端，如过度拥挤、污染、社会剥夺、犯罪以及与压力相关的疾病。在欠发达国家，城市化还为包括高血压、心脏病、肥胖症、糖尿病和哮喘在内的“西方”疾病打开了大门。在此，我们回顾城市化与健康相关的一些方面，并对旨在改善城市健康状况的策略加以评论。鉴于工业化西方国家漫长的城市化进程与资源匮乏国家相对近期的快速扩张之间存在明显差异，我们将分别对它们进行讨论。
Zotero 插件