Thalhammer Gabriela H, Eber Ernst, Zach Maximilian S
Paediatric Department, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2005 Feb;117(4):150-3. doi: 10.1007/s00508-004-0304-9.
Accidental ingestion and aspiration of hydrocarbons in children are common. Among the various clinical and pathological manifestations of hydrocarbon (HC) poisoning, pneumonitis is the most significant and occurs in up to 40% of children, whereas formation of pneumatoceles is believed to be a rare event. We report two children with HC pneumonitis and pneumatoceles as a reversible complication after ingestion and aspiration of lamp oil with very low viscosity. Patient 1, a 21-month-old boy, started to cough and developed tachypnea, sternal retractions and mild cyanosis immediately after aspiration. Patient 2, a 24-month-old girl, was asymptomatic during the first days after the accident; subsequently, she started to cough and developed fever, dyspnea and chest pain. Chest x-ray and computed tomography revealed multiple patchy infiltrates in both cases; after several days, these confluent infiltrates developed into pneumatoceles. Both children were treated with antibiotics and steroids. They recovered within three and four weeks, respectively, with complete remission of the radiologic abnormalities and had an uneventful follow-up after discharge.
儿童意外摄入和吸入碳氢化合物很常见。在碳氢化合物（HC）中毒的各种临床和病理表现中，肺炎最为严重，高达40%的儿童会发生，而肺气囊肿的形成被认为是罕见事件。我们报告了两名因摄入和吸入极低粘度的灯油后发生HC肺炎和肺气囊肿作为可逆性并发症的儿童。病例1是一名21个月大的男孩，吸入后立即开始咳嗽，并出现呼吸急促、胸骨凹陷和轻度发绀。病例2是一名24个月大的女孩，事故后的头几天无症状；随后，她开始咳嗽，并出现发热、呼吸困难和胸痛。胸部X线和计算机断层扫描显示两例均有多处斑片状浸润；几天后，这些融合性浸润发展为肺气囊肿。两名儿童均接受了抗生素和类固醇治疗。他们分别在三周和四周内康复，放射学异常完全缓解，出院后随访情况良好。
