Das Saibal, Behera Sapan Kumar, Xavier Alphienes Stanley, Selvarajan Sandhiya
Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India.
J Pharm Pract. 2020 Feb;33(1):90-95. doi: 10.1177/0897190018771520. Epub 2018 Apr 19.
Ingestion of hydrocarbons is a common cause of childhood poisoning in low and middle-income countries. Although mild ingestions are usually devoid of complications, the morbidity and mortality associated with such poisoning are primarily related to pulmonary aspiration. Subsequent complications, most importantly, secondary bacterial infections can worsen the clinical condition. Standard treatment protocol for acute accidental hydrocarbon poisoning does not advocate routine use of steroids or antibiotics. However, some studies have demonstrated beneficial effects of prophylactic steroid and antibiotic to prevent chemical pneumonitis. In this article, we have summarized the findings of the clinical studies from literature, which have evaluated the advantages of early administration of steroids and antibiotics to prevent chemical pneumonitis in acute hydrocarbon poisoning in children. From these studies, we have found that there is no convincing evidence for initiating steroid and antibiotic to improve outcome in these children.
在低收入和中等收入国家，摄入碳氢化合物是儿童中毒的常见原因。虽然轻度摄入通常不会引发并发症，但此类中毒相关的发病率和死亡率主要与肺部吸入有关。随后的并发症，最重要的是继发性细菌感染，会使临床状况恶化。急性意外碳氢化合物中毒的标准治疗方案不主张常规使用类固醇或抗生素。然而，一些研究表明预防性使用类固醇和抗生素对预防化学性肺炎有有益效果。在本文中，我们总结了文献中临床研究的结果，这些研究评估了早期使用类固醇和抗生素预防儿童急性碳氢化合物中毒所致化学性肺炎的优势。从这些研究中，我们发现没有令人信服的证据表明使用类固醇和抗生素能改善这些儿童的预后。
