Baena Díez José M, del Val García José L, Tomàs Pelegrina Josefina, Martínez Martínez José L, Martín Peñacoba Raquel, González Tejón Iván, Raidó Quintana Eva M, Pomares Sajkiewicz Mónica, Altés Boronat Andreu, Alvarez Pérez Beatriz, Piñol Forcadell Pilar, Rovira España Mónica, Oller Colom Miquel
Unidad de Investigación SAP Sants-Montjuïc-Sarrià-Les Corts-Sant Gervasi, Barcelona, Spain.
Rev Esp Cardiol. 2005 Apr;58(4):367-73.
To study the prevalence of and risk factors for cardiovascular disease in primary care.
A cross-sectional study was carried out at an urban health center in Barcelona, Spain. In total, 2248 patients > or =15 years old were selected randomly from medical records. The study investigated cardiovascular diseases such as ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease and peripheral arterial disease, and cardiovascular risk factors such as age, sex, smoking, high blood pressure, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and diabetes mellitus.
The patients' mean age was 49.1 (18.9) years and 53.5% were male. Cardiovascular risk factor prevalences were: smoking, 35.2%; high blood pressure, 33.7%; hypercholesterolemia, 21.9%; hypertriglyceridemia,12.7%; and diabetes mellitus, 15.8%. Overall, 57.9% of patients had at least 1 cardiovascular risk factor. Significantly more males presented with each risk factor (P<.05), apart from high blood pressure. The prevalence of all risk factors, except smoking, increased with age until 74 years and then stabilized, except high blood pressure, which continued to increase. Around 10% had cardiovascular disease, with myocardial ischemia in 5.5%, cerebrovascular disease in 3.7%, and peripheral arterial disease in 2.4%. All except cerebrovascular disease were significantly more common in males (P<.05). The prevalence of cardiovascular disease was low in individuals <55 years old, particularly women, and increased with age for all forms of disease. Some 68.3% were > or =65 years old.
The high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors was confirmed. Cardiovascular disease was more common in males and the elderly.
研究初级保健中心血管疾病的患病率及危险因素。
在西班牙巴塞罗那的一个城市健康中心开展了一项横断面研究。从病历中随机选取了总计2248名年龄≥15岁的患者。该研究调查了缺血性心脏病、脑血管疾病和外周动脉疾病等心血管疾病，以及年龄、性别、吸烟、高血压、高胆固醇血症、高甘油三酯血症和糖尿病等心血管危险因素。
患者的平均年龄为49.1（18.9）岁，53.5%为男性。心血管危险因素的患病率分别为：吸烟35.2%；高血压33.7%；高胆固醇血症21.9%；高甘油三酯血症12.7%；糖尿病15.8%。总体而言，57.9%的患者至少有1种心血管危险因素。除高血压外，每种危险因素在男性中的出现率显著更高（P<0.05）。除吸烟外，所有危险因素的患病率随年龄增长至74岁，然后趋于稳定，但高血压除外，其患病率持续上升。约10%的患者患有心血管疾病，其中心肌缺血患者占5.5%，脑血管疾病患者占3.7%，外周动脉疾病患者占2.4%。除脑血管疾病外，所有疾病在男性中均更为常见（P<0.05）。55岁以下个体的心血管疾病患病率较低，尤其是女性，且所有疾病形式的患病率均随年龄增长而升高。约68.3%的患者年龄≥65岁。
证实了心血管危险因素的高患病率。心血管疾病在男性和老年人中更为常见。
