Brooks J H M, Fuller C W, Kemp S P T, Reddin D B
University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7QA, UK.
Br J Sports Med. 2005 May;39(5):288-93. doi: 10.1136/bjsm.2004.013391.
To assess the aetiology, incidence, severity, and causes of injuries to England rugby union players during preparation for and participation in the 2003 Rugby World Cup.
A 63 week prospective design was employed to study the training practices and injuries of England rugby players. The team physician reported all training and match injuries and provided details of the location, diagnosis, severity, and mechanism of each injury. The team fitness coach reported details of the number and duration of training sessions and the time dedicated to rugby and conditioning training. Players' stature, body mass, and skinfolds were measured at the beginning and end of the study period.
The overall incidence of injury was 17 injuries/1000 h of exposure (match: 218 injuries/1000 h; training: 6.1 injuries/1000 h). The major locations of injuries were the lower (60%) and upper (17%) limbs and the most common diagnoses were muscle and tendon (50%) and joint (non-bone) and ligament (41%) injuries. The highest incidences of match injuries occurred whilst being tackled (50 injuries/1000 h) and in a ruck or maul (35 injuries/1000 h), whilst the greatest incidences of training injuries occurred during endurance running (24 injuries/1000 h) and contact activities (20 injuries/1000 h). Players' average body mass increased and skinfold measurement decreased significantly over the study period.
The incidence of match injuries at international level was found to be higher than previously reported. The tackle, ruck, and maul elements of match play and the endurance running and contact elements of training presented the highest risk of injury for all players.
评估2003年橄榄球世界杯赛前及赛中英格兰橄榄球联盟球员受伤的病因、发生率、严重程度及致伤原因。
采用为期63周的前瞻性设计，研究英格兰橄榄球运动员的训练情况及受伤情况。队医报告所有训练和比赛中的伤病情况，并提供每次伤病的部位、诊断、严重程度及受伤机制的详细信息。球队体能教练报告训练课的次数和时长，以及用于橄榄球专项训练和体能训练的时间细节。在研究开始和结束时测量球员的身高、体重和皮褶厚度。
总体受伤发生率为每暴露1000小时17次受伤（比赛：每1000小时218次受伤；训练：每1000小时6.1次受伤）。受伤的主要部位是下肢（60%）和上肢（17%），最常见的诊断是肌肉和肌腱损伤（50%）以及关节（非骨骼）和韧带损伤（41%）。比赛中受伤发生率最高的情况是在被擒抱时（每1000小时50次受伤）和在争球或扭抱时（每1000小时35次受伤），而训练中受伤发生率最高的情况是在耐力跑时（每1000小时24次受伤）和在对抗活动时（每1000小时20次受伤）。在研究期间，球员的平均体重增加，皮褶厚度测量值显著下降。
发现国际比赛中受伤的发生率高于先前报告的水平。比赛中的擒抱、争球和扭抱环节以及训练中的耐力跑和对抗环节对所有球员来说受伤风险最高。
