Pascoe P J
Department of Surgery, University of California, School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis.
Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 1992 Mar;22(2):357-9. doi: 10.1016/s0195-5616(92)50633-7.
Surgery is painful and it behooves us, as people who care for and take care of animals, to prevent their suffering whenever possible. Recent developments in the understanding of nociceptive physiology underscores this prospective, rather than retrospective, approach to the management of pain. We have the armamentarium to do this and there are very few deleterious side effects when appropriate treatments are used.