中国海南黎族少数民族村落居民的吸烟与饮酒模式。

Smoking and drinking patterns among residents of Li ethnic minority villages in Hainan, China.

作者信息

Tang Xiaolan, Chen Xinguang, Li Hanwu, Stanton Bonita, Li Xiaoming

机构信息

Department of Preventive Medicine, Hainan Medical College, Haikou, Hainan, China.

出版信息

Subst Use Misuse. 2005;40(5):687-701. doi: 10.1081/ja-200055382.

DOI:10.1081/ja-200055382

PMID:15887598

Abstract

BACKGROUND

In China, approximately 67% of male adults are smokers and 64% of them are drinkers. Tobacco and alcohol use are more prevalent among many of China's 55 ethnic minority populations, but specific data are lacking for them, including the Li population.

METHODS

Cross-sectional data from 379 residents sampled from 12 Li villages in Hainan Province were used for this analysis. Data were collected in 2003 using a questionnaire adopted from the U.S. National Household Survey on Drug Abuse. Both lifetime and current use of tobacco and alcohol products, including prevalence, frequency and amount of use, as well as age patterns of onset of use were assessed.

FINDINGS

Eighty-five percent of the sample were Li minority and 43% were female with a mean age of 34.7 years (SD = 14.5). While fewer female subjects of the sample reported smoking (1.9% of lifetime smoking) and drinking (21.0% lifetime drinking), 84.1% of the male sample were lifetime smokers and 92.5% were lifetime drinkers; 78.1% were 30-day smokers and 88.4% were 30-day drinkers; and 58.6% were daily smokers and 15.8% were daily drinkers. In addition, 79.1% male villagers were binge drinkers, and 21.4% were intoxicated in the past month. The risk of onset of smoking and drinking increased after 10 years of age, peaked at 18-19 years (hazard = 16.0% for smoking and 19.5% for drinking), then declined until leveling off at 25 years of age. Eighty-five to 97% of the males simultaneously used alcohol and tobacco.

CONCLUSIONS

The prevalence rates of tobacco and alcohol use in Li male villagers are higher than those of the national average and other ethnic minorities in China. Indepth studies are needed to obtain more detailed information regarding issues such as detailed types of tobacco and alcohol products, causes of use, as well as willingness to participate in tobacco and alcohol control interventions in order to develop and deliver substantial intervention programs.

摘要

背景

在中国，约67%的成年男性吸烟，其中64%饮酒。烟草和酒精的使用在中国55个少数民族群体中更为普遍，但包括黎族在内，缺乏针对这些群体的具体数据。

方法

本分析使用了从海南省12个黎族村庄抽取的379名居民的横断面数据。2003年采用美国全国药物滥用家庭调查的问卷收集数据。评估了烟草和酒精制品的终生使用和当前使用情况，包括患病率、使用频率和使用量，以及使用开始的年龄模式。

结果

样本中85%为黎族少数民族，43%为女性，平均年龄34.7岁（标准差=14.5）。虽然样本中较少有女性报告吸烟（终生吸烟率为1.9%）和饮酒（终生饮酒率为21.0%），但84.1%的男性样本为终生吸烟者，92.5%为终生饮酒者；78.1%为30天内吸烟者，88.4%为30天内饮酒者；58.6%为每日吸烟者，15.8%为每日饮酒者。此外，79.1%的男性村民为狂饮者，21.4%在过去一个月内有过醉酒经历。吸烟和饮酒开始的风险在10岁后增加，在18 - 19岁达到峰值（吸烟风险为16.0%，饮酒风险为19.5%），然后下降，直到25岁趋于平稳。85%至97%的男性同时使用酒精和烟草。